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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2019-3-43-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1175</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новые генетические маркеры для молекулярного типирования штаммов Bacillus anthracis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New Genetic Markers for Molecular Typing of Bacillus anthracis Strains</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еременко</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremenko</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рязанова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryazanova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писаренко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisarenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буравцева</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buravtseva</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печковский</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechkovsky</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenova</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeeva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головинская</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovinskaya</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чмеренко</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chmerenko</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жиров</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhirov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапаков</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapakov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куличенко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulichenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13-15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еременко Е.И., Рязанова А.Г., Писаренко С.В., Буравцева Н.П., Печковский Г.А., Аксенова Л.Ю., Семенова О.В., Варфоломеева Н.Г., Головинская Т.М., Чмеренко Д.К., Ковалев Д.А., Жиров А.М., Шапаков Н.А., Куличенко А.Н., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еременко Е.И., Рязанова А.Г., Писаренко С.В., Буравцева Н.П., Печковский Г.А., Аксенова Л.Ю., Семенова О.В., Варфоломеева Н.Г., Головинская Т.М., Чмеренко Д.К., Ковалев Д.А., Жиров А.М., Шапаков Н.А., Куличенко А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremenko E.I., Ryazanova A.G., Pisarenko S.V., Buravtseva N.P., Pechkovsky G.A., Aksenova L.Y., Semenova O.V., Varfolomeeva N.G., Golovinskaya T.M., Chmerenko D.K., Kovalev D.A., Zhirov A.M., Shapakov N.A., Kulichenko A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1175">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1175</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель - выявление новых генетических маркеров для использования в молекулярном типировании Bacillus anthracis. Материалы и методы. исследовали геномы 16 штаммов B. anthracis из коллекции ФКУЗ «Ставропольский противочумный институт», 11 штаммов B. anthracis и 5 штаммов Bacillus cereus из GenBank. использовали методы анализа in vitro и in silico канонических и полногеномных единичных нуклеотидных полиморфизмов (SNP), областей генома с вариабельным числом тандемных повторов (VNTR). Результаты и обсуждение. У ряда штаммов B. anthracis главной генетической линии B в пределах гомологичных генов трицистронного оперона gerH, кодирующего белки, связанные прорастанием спор, имеются делеции и (или) замены единичных нуклеотидов. гены gerA оперона содержат VNTR-локус Bams34, размеры генов у разных штаммов варьируют из-за разного числа тандемных повторов и наличия инделов, что предполагает вариабельность белков GerA прорастания спор. в области отжига обратного праймера у части из них имеются SNP или делеция, что делает невозможной пцр-амплификацию локуса Bams34. идентифицированы не описанные VNTR-локус, SNP и индел в последовательностях плазмид pXO1 и pXO2, а также SNP в хромосомном гене транспортера глицерол-3-фосфата. сконструированы две пары пцр-праймеров к плазмидным областям, содержащим инделы. VNTR-локус, SNP и инделы в последовательностях плазмид pXO1 и pXO2 пригодны в качестве генетических маркеров для дифференциации типичных вирулентных диплазмидных штаммов по принадлежности к основным генетическим линиям B. anthracis A, B и C. Аллель T SNP в пределах хромосомного гена glpT является специфичной для одного из двух штаммов, выделенных в ходе одной вспышки сибирской язвы, и отличает его от всех других штаммов B. anthracis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: Identification of new markers for the molecular typing of Bacillus anthracis. Materials and methods. The genomes of 16 B. anthracis strains from the collection of the Stavropol Research Anti-Plague Institute, 11 B. anthracis strains and 5 strains of Bacillus cereus from GenBank were investigated. The methods of in vitro and in silico analysis of canonical and whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), genome regions with variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) were used for the analysis. Results and discussion. It has been established that there are deletions and (or) SNPs in some of B. anthracis strains of the main genetic lineage B, within the homologous genes of the tri-cistronic operon gerH, which encodes spore germination proteins. gerA genes contain the Bams34 VNTR locus, the sizes of genes in different strains vary due to the different number of tandem repeats and the presence of indels, which suggests the variability of GerA spore germination proteins. In the area of reverse primer annealing, some of them have several SNPs or deletions, which makes impossible PCR amplification of the Bams34 locus. Previously not described VNTR locus, SNPs and indels in sequences of plasmids pXO1 and pXO2, as well as SNP in chromosomal gene of glycerol-3-phosphate transporter were identified. Two pairs of PCR primers for the variable regions of the plasmids were designed. VNTR-locus, SNP and indels in sequences of plasmids pXO1 and pXO2 are suitable genetic markers for the differentiation of typical virulent diplasmid strains belonging to the main genetic lineages of B. anthracis A, B and C. The allele T of SNP within chromosomal glpT gene is specific for one of two strains isolated during the outbreak of anthrax and distinguishes it from all other strains of B. anthracis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Bacillus anthracis</kwd><kwd>молекулярное типирование</kwd><kwd>SNP</kwd><kwd>VNTR</kwd><kwd>инделы</kwd><kwd>главные генетические линии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bacillus anthracis</kwd><kwd>molecular typing</kwd><kwd>SNP</kwd><kwd>VNTR</kwd><kwd>indels</kwd><kwd>main genetic lineages</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keim P., Price L.B., Klevytska A.M., Smith K.L., Schupp J.M., Okinaka R., Jackson P.J., Hugh-Jones M.E. Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis Reveals Genetic Relationships within Bacillus anthracis. J. Bacteriol. 2000; 182(10):2928-36. 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