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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2020-2-13-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1313</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретроспективная оценка реализации долгосрочного прогноза пространственного распространения бешенства в азиатской части России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Retrospective Evaluation of Implementation of Long-Term Forecast on Spatial Spread of Rabies in the Asian Part of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0920-1330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ботвинкин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Botvinkin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ботвинкин Александр Дмитриевич</p><p>664003,   Иркутск, ул. Красного восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander D. Botvinkin</p><p>1, Krasnogo Vosstaniya St., Irkutsk, 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">botvinkin_ismu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8344-7726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоров</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorov</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644050, Омск, Проспект мира, 7;</p><p>644099,  Омск,  Набережная  Тухачевского, 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Mira Avenue, Omsk, 644050; </p><p>14, Tuhachevskogo Promenade, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.n.sidorov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8217-5159</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полещук</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poleshchuk</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">mail@oniipi.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-5998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарва</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarva</surname><given-names>L. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9890-1031</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нашатырева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nashatyreva</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644050, Омск, Проспект мира, 7; </p><p>644080, Омск, Проспект мира, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Mira Avenue, Omsk, 644050; </p><p>9, Mira Avenue, Omsk, 644080</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9994-0371</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковчиц</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovchits</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-479X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андаев</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andaev</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4201-5828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балахонов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakhonov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9566-9214</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудаков</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudakov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644050, Омск, Проспект мира, 7; </p><p>644080, Омск, Проспект мира, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Mira Avenue, Omsk, 644050; </p><p>9, Mira Avenue, Omsk, 644080</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Омский научно-исследовательский институт природно-очаговых инфекций»; &#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный педагогический университет»,</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk Research Institute of Natural-Focal Infections; &#13;
Omsk State Pedagogical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Омский научно-исследовательский институт природно-очаговых инфекций»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk Research Institute of Natural-Focal Infections</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Омский научно-исследовательский институт природно-очаговых инфекций»; &#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk Research Institute of Natural-Focal Infections; &#13;
Omsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Иркутский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт Сибири и Дальнего Востока»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute of Siberia and Far East</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ботвинкин А.Д., Сидоров Т.Н., Полещук Е.М., Зарва И.Д., Нашатырева Д.И., Яковчиц Н.В., Андаев Е.И., Балахонов С.В., Рудаков Н.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ботвинкин А.Д., Сидоров Т.Н., Полещук Е.М., Зарва И.Д., Нашатырева Д.И., Яковчиц Н.В., Андаев Е.И., Балахонов С.В., Рудаков Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Botvinkin A.D., Sidorov G.N., Poleshchuk E.M., Zarva L.D., Nashatyreva D.N., Yakovchits N.V., Andaev E.I., Balakhonov S.V., Rudakov N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1313">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1313</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – оценить, насколько оправдался долгосрочный прогноз территориального распространения бешенства в Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке, опубликованный около 40 лет назад, и дать характеристику современных подходов к пространственному прогнозированию. Подвергнута критическому анализу концепция пространственного распространения бешенства в азиатской части России, разработанная в 80-е годы ХХ в. на основании сведений о регистрации бешенства за 1881–1980 гг. и зоогеографических данных. Тогда выделили пять неблагополучных по бешенству регионов и участки наиболее вероятного выноса инфекции. На первом этапе проведен обзор опубликованных работ за 1985–2019 гг., включая информационно-справочные издания. Отобраны сведения о случаях бешенства среди людей и животных, для которых можно было определить географические координаты. Картографирование проведено с использованием ГИС-технологий (программа «QGIS 3.12.0 и электронные ландшафтно-географические карты «Natural Earth» и «OpenStreetMap»). Сравнение картограмм за разные периоды времени показало, что заболеваемость регистрировалась, в основном, в пределах ранее обозначенных территорий риска. Однако частота заболевания людей в разных регионах не всегда соответствовала интенсивности эпизоотий и прогнозируемому риску. На следующем этапе для корректировки прогноза пространственно-временного распространения бешенства представлен обзор публикаций по применению молекулярно-генетических данных, ГИС-технологий и моделирования. Распространение трех основных клад вируса бешенства («steppe», «Arctiсlike», «Arctic») соответствовало неблагополучным по бешенству регионам, которые выделили ранее. Отмечено продвижение «лисьего» бешенства (клада «steppe») в северо-восточном направлении. В ряде случаев вспышки на юге Сибири и Дальнего Востока связаны с трансграничным заносом вируса бешенства. Представлены данные по скорости распространения волны эпизоотии, путям распространения и естественным барьерам. Коррекция прогноза пространственного распространения бешенства имеет значение для разработки стратегии борьбы с бешенством в регионе, включая оральную вакцинацию диких животных. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: To evaluate the historical long-term forecast of the spatial spread of rabies in Siberia and Far East and to characterize modern approaches to spatial forecasting. The concept of spatial spread of rabies in the Asian part of Russia, developed in the 80s of the twentieth century, is subjected to critical analysis based on information on rabies registration for 1881–1980 and zoogeographic data. At that time, 5 rabies enzootic regions were identified, and the most probable directions of further exportation of infection suggested. At first, a review of published data on human and animal rabies cases for the period of 1985–2019 was undertaken (including reference publications). Data on cases of rabies among humans and animals were selected for which geographical coordinates could be determined. Mapping was performed using GIS (QGIS 3.12.0 software and “Natural Earth” and “OpenStreetMap” electronic maps). Comparison of maps for different time periods demonstrated that rabies incidence was recorded mainly within the previously identified risk areas. However, the occurrence of human disease in different regions did not always correspond to the intensity of epizootics and the predicted risk. Next, in an attempt to correct the prognosis of the spatiotemporal rabies spread, we reviewed publications that incorporated virus genetic data along with GIS technology and modeling application. The distribution of the three major rabies virus lineages (“steppe”, “Arctiс-like”, “Arctic”) corresponded to the regions that were previously identified. The spread of fox rabies (the “steppe” rabies virus lineage) in the north-east direction was described. In several instances, rabies outbreaks in southern Siberia and Far East were associated with cross-border movement of the virus from Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. Data on the speed of the epizootic waves, pathways, and natural barriers for virus spread are discussed. The correction of the forecast for rabies virus circulation and spread is important for the development of control strategies in the region, including oral vaccination of wildlife virus reservoirs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бешенство</kwd><kwd>пространственное распространение</kwd><kwd>Сибирь</kwd><kwd>Дальний Восток</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rabies</kwd><kwd>spatial spread</kwd><kwd>Siberia</kwd><kwd>Far East</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ, проект 19-315-90004/19.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попов Н.В., Куклев Е.В., Кутырев В.В. 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