microbeПроблемы особо опасных инфекцийProblems of Particularly Dangerous Infections0370-10692658-719XRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”10.21055/0370-1069-2020-2-22-30microbe-1314Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSПерспективы применения петлевой изотермической амплификации в диагностике опасных инфекционных болезней, вызванных вирусами I группы патогенностиProspects For the Use of Loop Isothermal Amplification in the Diagnosis of Particularly Dangerous Infectious Diseases Caused by the Viruses of the Pathogenicity Group IКарташовМ. Ю.KartashovM. Yu.

Карташов Михаил Юрьевич

630559, Новосибирская обл., п. Кольцово;  Новосибирск

vector@vector.nsc.ruЧубЕ. В.ChubE. V.vector@vector.nsc.ruМикрюковаТ. П.MikryukovaT. P.vector@vector.nsc.ruНайденоваЕ. В.NaidenovaE. V.rusrapi@microbe.ruТерновойВ. А.TernovoyV. A.vector@vector.nsc.ruФБУН «Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»; Новосибирский государственный университетРоссияState Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian FederationФБУН «Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»РоссияState Scientific Centre of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”Russian FederationФКУЗ «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»РоссияRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”.Russian Federation202011072020022230Copyright © Карташов М.Ю., Чуб Е.В., Микрюкова Т.П., Найденова Е.В., Терновой В.А., 20202020Карташов М.Ю., Чуб Е.В., Микрюкова Т.П., Найденова Е.В., Терновой В.А.Kartashov M.Y., Chub E.V., Mikryukova T.P., Naidenova E.V., Ternovoy V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1314

Опасные вирусные инфекционные болезни представляют серьезную угрозу для жизни и здоровья людей, так как неконтролируемое их распространение приводит к развитию крупных вспышек и эпидемий. Быстрое и точное выявление возбудителя является важнейшей составляющей борьбы с инфекционными заболеваниями. Данный обзор посвящен петлевой изотермической амплификации (loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP), являющейся одним из простых и надежных методов молекулярно-генетических исследований, отвечающих современным требованиям. Простота процедуры постановки анализа и учета полученных результатов, необходимая в условиях с минимальными возможностями лабораторной базы, позволяет рассматривать данный вид диагностических технологий как наиболее перспективный, позволяющий выявить генетические маркеры (ДНК или РНК) возбудителей опасных инфекционных болезней в максимально короткие сроки. Цель обзора состоит в обобщении и систематизации имеющихся на сегодняшний день данных о случаях применения LAMP для выявления РНК опасных инфекционных болезней, вызванных вирусами, относящимися к I группе патогенности (Эбола, Марбург, Ласса). В работе рассматриваются основные принципы реакции петлевой изотермической амплификации, компоненты, входящие в состав реакционной смеси и используемые для постановки анализа, а также способы детекции полученных результатов. При изучении имеющихся в литературных источниках сведений о достоинствах и недостатках LAMP показано, что во многих случаях изотермическая амплификация не уступает по чувствительности и специфичности основным молекулярно-генетическим методам диагностики, используемым в настоящее время. Рассмотрены также модификации, которые можно применять для ускоренной диагностики РНК-содержащих вирусов. 

Dangerous viral infectious diseases pose a serious threat to human life and health, as their uncontrolled spread leads to the development of major outbreaks and epidemics. Rapid and accurate detection of the pathogen is an essential component of the fight against infectious diseases. This review is devoted to loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), which is one of the simplest and most reliable methods of molecular-genetic research that meets modern requirements. The simplicity of the analysis and registration of the obtained results, which is necessary under conditions with minimal laboratory capacities, makes it possible to consider this type of diagnostic technology as the most promising, which allows us to identify genetic markers (DNA or RNA) of pathogens of dangerous infectious diseases in the shortest possible time. Objective of the review is to summarize and systematize the data available to date on the use of LAMP for detecting RNA of dangerous infectious diseases caused by the Ebola,Marburg and Lassa viruses. The paper discusses the basic principles of the loop isothermal amplification reaction, the components that make up the reaction mixture and are used for the analysis, as well as methods for detecting the results obtained. When studying the information available in the literature sources about the advantages and disadvantages of LAMP, it is shown that in many cases, isothermal amplification is not inferior in sensitivity and specificity to the main molecular-genetic diagnostic methods currently used. Modifications that can be used for accelerated diagnostics of RNA-containing viruses are also considered.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.