microbeПроблемы особо опасных инфекцийProblems of Particularly Dangerous Infections0370-10692658-719XRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”10.21055/0370-1069-2020-2-31-37microbe-1315Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSОбзор эпизоотологической ситуации по высокопатогенному вирусу гриппа птиц в России в 2019 г.Overview of the Epizootiological Situation on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Russia in 2019МарченкоВ. Ю.MarchenkoV. Yu.

Марченко Василий Юрьевич

630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово

Vasily Yu. Marchenko

Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559

vector@vector.nsc.ruГончароваН. И.GoncharovaN. I.vector@vector.nsc.ruTranThi NhaiTranThi Nhai

Tran Thi Nhai

Ханой

ropcenterhanoi@mail.ruTrinhKhac SauTrinhKhac Sau

Trinh Khac Sau

Ханой

ropcenterhanoi@mail.ruNguyenNgoc QuyenNguyenNgoc Quyen

Nguyen Ngoc Quyen

Винь

hcthtyv3@gmail.comГавриловаЕ. В.GavrilovaE. V.vector@vector.nsc.ruМаксютовР. А.MaksyutovR. A.vector@vector.nsc.ruРыжиковА. Б.RyzhikovA. B.vector@vector.nsc.ruФБУН «Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»РоссияState Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”Russian FederationРоссийско-Вьетнамский Тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центрВьетнамRussian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technology CenterViet NamРегиональное управление по охране здоровья животных № 3ВьетнамRegional Animal Health Office No 3Viet Nam202011072020023137Copyright © Марченко В.Ю., Гончарова Н.И., Tran T.N., Trinh K.S., Nguyen N.Q., Гаврилова Е.В., Максютов Р.А., Рыжиков А.Б., 20202020Марченко В.Ю., Гончарова Н.И., Tran T.N., Trinh K.S., Nguyen N.Q., Гаврилова Е.В., Максютов Р.А., Рыжиков А.Б.Marchenko V.Y., Goncharova N.I., Tran T.N., Trinh K.S., Nguyen N.Q., Gavrilova E.V., Maksyutov R.A., Ryzhikov A.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1315

В данной статье рассмотрена современная ситуация по высокопатогенному вирусу гриппа птиц в 2019 г. и сделан прогноз возможного дальнейшего распространения вирусов на территории России. В 2019 г. в мире отмечена циркуляция различных вариантов вируса, имеющих важное эпизоотологическое и эпидемиологическое значение. Зарегистрированы вспышки среди диких и домашних птиц, а также случаи заражения человека вирусами гриппа подтипов A/H5Nx, A/H7N9 и A/H9N2. В России в 2019 г. зарегистрировано только две вспышки, вызванные высокопатогенным вариантом вируса гриппа A/H5N8. Обе вспышки зафиксированы в первой и второй половине января на птицефабрике в Ростовской области. Помимо этого, в ходе мониторинга вируса гриппа птиц на территории Томской области в мае 2019 г. от дикой птицы выделен штамм вируса гриппа A/H14N7. В июне на территории Камчатского края выделен штамм подтипа A/H13N2, затем в августе 2019 г. вирус гриппа подтипа A/H13N6 выделен на территории Саратовской области. Выявлено, что некоторые штаммы вируса гриппа, выделяемые в России, имеют высокую степень идентичности со штаммами, циркулирующими в Юго-Восточной Азии. Это показано на примере филогенетического анализа вирусов гриппа A/H5Nx, выделенных ранее на территории Саратовской области и Социалистической Республики Вьетнам. Таким образом, в очередной раз доказано, что территория России играет важную географическую роль в глобальном распространении вируса гриппа птиц. 

This review describes the current situation on highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in 2019 and predicts the possible further spread of avian influenza in Russia. In 2019 outbreaks were reported among wild birds and poultry, as well as human infections with influenza viruses of the subtypes H5Nx, H7N9 and H9N2 in several countries. In 2019, only two outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 in Russia occurred. Both outbreaks were recorded in January at poultry farm in the Rostov Region. In addition, in May 2019 avian influenza virus of H14N7 subtype was isolated from a wild bird during the avian influenza virus surveillance in Tomsk Region. In June 2019, a strain of H13N2 subtype was isolated in the territory of Kamchatka Region, then, in August 2019, an influenza virus of H13N6 subtype was isolated in the Saratov Region. It was revealed that some strains of avian influenza virus isolated in Russia have a high degree of identity with strains circulating in South-East Asia. This was shown by the phylogenetic analysis of A/ H5Nx influenza viruses previously isolated in the Saratov Region and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam during the avian influenza virus surveillance. Thus, it was demonstrated again that the territory of Russia plays a key geographical role in the global spread of avian influenza virus.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.