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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2021-2-16-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1468</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Принципы формирования коллекционных фондов штаммов микроорганизмов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Principles of Formation of Collection Funds of Microorganism Strains</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6757-6977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gracheva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-0022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3788-3452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутырев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutyrev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Грачева И.В., Осин А.В., Кутырев В.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Грачева И.В., Осин А.В., Кутырев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gracheva I.V., Osin A.V., Kutyrev V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1468">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1468</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы является рассмотрение принципов и критериев формирования фондов сервисных микробиологических коллекций и специализированной Государственной коллекции патогенных бактерий (ГКПБ) ФКУЗ РосНИПЧИ «Микроб». Быстрые темпы описания, изучения, использования микробного разнообразия делают актуальной задачу разработки критериев отбора микроорганизмов для постоянного хранения в коллекциях. Количество и форма этих критериев определяются задачами, стоящими перед коллекционными центрами разного уровня и специализации. Сервисные коллекции формируют свои фонды посредством депонирования или приобретения типовых, референтных, учебных штаммов. В последние годы признана целесообразность расширения спектра штаммов, депонирование которых желательно в сервисных коллекциях. Это штаммы, характеризующиеся филогенетической, геномной, метаболической, экологической уникальностью; с полностью секвенированным геномом; известные и новые патогены растений, животных и человека, вызвавшие вспышки заболеваний; использованные в международных исследовательских проектах; имеющие биотехнологическое и экономическое значение. Главная задача ГКПБ как специализированной государственной коллекции патогенных бактерий I–II групп состоит в сохранении штаммов, характеризующих внутривидовое разнообразие и популяции патогенов, циркулирующих в природных очагах или на определенных территориях Российской Федерации, выделенные в период эпизоотий, локальных или эпидемических вспышек. Критериями отбора штаммов для постоянного хранения являются их экологические, фенотипические, генетические особенности. Сохранение такой коллекции важно для будущих исследований с использованием новых технологий и прослеживания эволюции патогенных бактерий – возбудителей особо опасных инфекционных заболеваний. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the review was to consider the principles and criteria for the formation of funds of service microbiological collections and the specialized State collection of pathogenic bacteria (SCPB) at the RusRAPI “Microbe”. The rapid pace of characterization, study, and use of microbial diversity makes the development of criteria for the selection of microorganisms for permanent storage in collections particularly relevant. The number and format of these criteria are determined by the tasks the collection centers of different levels and specialization are facing. Service collections form their funds by depositing or acquiring type, reference, educational strains. In recent years, the practicability of expanding the range of strains, the deposition of which is desirable in service collections, has been recognized. These are strains characterized by phylogenetic, genomic, metabolic, ecological uniqueness; with a fully sequenced genome; known and emerging plant, animal and human pathogens that caused disease outbreaks; used in international research projects; having biotechnological and economic significance. The main task of the SCPB as a specialized state collection of pathogenic bacteria of groups I–II is to preserve strains characterizing the intraspecific diversity and populations of pathogens circulating in natural foci or in certain territories of the Russian Federation, isolated during epizootics, local or epidemic outbreaks. The selection criteria for strains for permanent storage are their ecological, phenotypic, and genetic peculiarities. The preservation of such a collection is important for future research using new technologies and tracking the evolution of pathogenic bacteria – causative agents of particularly dangerous infectious diseases. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коллекционные фонды</kwd><kwd>критерии депонирования</kwd><kwd>сервисные коллекции</kwd><kwd>специализированные коллекции</kwd><kwd>патогенные бактерии</kwd><kwd>типовой штамм</kwd><kwd>референтный штамм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>collection funds</kwd><kwd>deposit criteria</kwd><kwd>service collections</kwd><kwd>specialized collections</kwd><kwd>pathogenic bacteria</kwd><kwd>type strain</kwd><kwd>reference strain</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Culture Collections Information Worldwide. [Электронный ресурс]. 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