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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2021-2-100-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1501</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение ГИС-технологий и данных дистанционного зондирования Земли для оценки пространственно-временного распространения бешенства в Восточном Забайкалье</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of GIS and Earth Remote Sensing Data for the Evaluation of the Spatiotemporal Spread of Rabies in Eastern Trans-Baikal Region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-5998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарва</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarva</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Krasnogo Vosstaniya St., Irkutsk, 664003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2749-0153</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8987-7068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сороковой</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokovoi</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0920-1330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ботвинкин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Botvinkin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Krasnogo Vosstaniya St., Irkutsk, 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">botvinkin_ismu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН Институт географии им. В.Б. Сочавы Сибирского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography of the Siberian Branch of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зарва И.Д., Павлов М.В., Сороковой А.А., Ботвинкин А.Д., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зарва И.Д., Павлов М.В., Сороковой А.А., Ботвинкин А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zarva I.D., Pavlov M.V., Sorokovoi A.A., Botvinkin A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1501">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1501</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – совершенствование мониторинга природных очагов бешенства на основе использования современных технологий картографического анализа.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное исследование по данным официальной регистрации бешенства в Забайкальском крае (Восточном Забайкалье) за 1950–2020 гг. Пространственное распространение бешенства среди животных сравнивали по двум отрезкам времени: 1972– 1978 гг. (n=157) и 2014–2020 гг. (n=61). Для картографирования использованы программы QGIS 3.16.0, ArcMap 10.8.1, ArcScene 10.8.1 и электронные ландшафтно-географические карты мира Natural Earth, OpenStreetMap. На картограммах выделены анализируемые территориальные единицы (АТЕ), привязанные к градусной сетке (0,5º × 0,5º). Связь локализации случаев бешенства с элементами ландшафта оценивали статистически, сравнивая благополучные и неблагополучные АТЕ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Установлены различия в ландшафтной приуроченности эпизоотий бешенства в Восточном Забайкалье в разные периоды времени. До 1983 г. преобладало бешенство собак, и эпизоотии распространялись за пределы лесостепной зоны. С 1984 по 2013 год бешенство среди животных не регистрировалось. В 2014–2020 гг. лисицы (Vulpes vulpes) служили основным источником вируса бешенства. Площадь эпизоотии сократилась более чем в два раза в сравнении с 1972–1978 гг. Основные проявления бешенства наблюдались на стыке равнинных и горных, степных и лесных участков. Неблагополучные по бешенству АТЕ отличались более выраженной вариабельностью элементов ландшафта. Выявлены вероятные пути трансграничного распространения вируса бешенства. Обсуждена связь особенностей распространения бешенства в Восточном Забайкалье в 1950–2020 гг. с генетическими вариантами вируса, изменениями климата, миграциями животных и антропогенными факторами. Результаты исследования предлагается использовать для корректировки программ барьерной оральной вакцинации лисиц. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to improve monitoring of natural foci of rabies based on the use of modern technologies of cartographic analysis.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective study was carried out on the data of official registration of rabies in the Trans-Baikal Territory (Eastern Trans-Baikal Region) for 1950–2020. The spatial spread of rabies among animals was compared for two time periods: 1972–1978 (n=157 cases) and 2014–2020 (n=61 cases). Software packages QGIS 3.16.0, ArcMap 10.8.1, ArcScene 10.8.1 and electronic landscape-geographical maps of the world “Natural Earth”, “OpenStreetMap” were used for the mapping. Analyzed territorial units (ATUs) tied to a degree grid (0,5º × 0,5º) were marked on the cartograms. The interdependence between the localization of rabies cases and landscape elements was assessed statistically, comparing between the rabies free and the rabies affected ATUs.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Differences in the landscape confinedness of rabies epizootics in Eastern Trans-Baikal Region at different periods of time have been established. Until 1983, dog rabies prevailed, and epizootics spread beyond the forest-steppe zone. In 1984–2013 rabies among animals was not recorded. In 2014–2020 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were the main source of the rabies virus. The area of the epizootic has more than halved in comparison with 1972–1978. The main manifestations of rabies were observed at the junction of lowland and mountainous, steppe and forest areas. The rabies affected ATUs were characterized by more pronounced landscape variables. Possible routes of cross-border spread of the rabies virus have been identified. The connection between the features of the spatiotemporal spread of rabies and genetic variants of the virus, climate change, animal migrations and anthropogenic factors in Eastern Trans-Baikal Region in 1950–2020 is discussed. The results of the study are proposed to be used to adjust the programs for barrier oral vaccination of the foxes. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бешенство</kwd><kwd>ГИС</kwd><kwd>дистанционное зондирование</kwd><kwd>Центральная Азия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rabies</kwd><kwd>GIS</kwd><kwd>Earth remote sensing</kwd><kwd>Central Asia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ, проект 19-315-90004/19.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perez A., AlKhamis M., Carlsson U., Brito B., CarrascoMedanic R., Whedbee Z., Willeberg P. Global animal disease surveillance. Spat. Spatiotemporal Epidemiol. 2011; 2(3):135–45. 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