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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2021-2-138-147</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1506</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генотипическая структура Yersinia pestis ssp. central asiatica biovar altaica в Горно-Алтайском высокогорном природном очаге чумы при MLVA25-типировании</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MLVA25-Typed Yersinia pestis ssp. central asiatica biovar altaica Genotype Structure in Gorno-Altai Mountain Natural Plague Focus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7665-4367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярыгина</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarygina</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664047, Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>78, Trilissera St., Irkutsk, 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1947-5252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корзун</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korzun</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664047, Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>78, Trilissera St., Irkutsk, 664047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4201-5828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балахонов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakhonov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664047, Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>78, Trilissera St., Irkutsk, 664047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6005-3783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рождественский</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhdestvensky</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>649002, Горно-Алтайск, ул. Заводская, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Zavodskaya St., Gorno-Altaisk, 649002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-2453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>649002, Горно-Алтайск, ул. Заводская, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Zavodskaya St., Gorno-Altaisk, 649002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Иркутский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт Сибири и Дальнего Востока»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute of Siberia and Far East</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Алтайская противочумная станция»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai Plague Control Station</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>138</fpage><lpage>147</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ярыгина М.Б., Корзун В.М., Балахонов С.В., Рождественский Е.Н., Денисов А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ярыгина М.Б., Корзун В.М., Балахонов С.В., Рождественский Е.Н., Денисов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yarygina M.B., Korzun V.M., Balakhonov S.V., Rozhdestvensky E.N., Denisov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1506">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1506</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – изучить генетическое разнообразие и пространственно-временную генотипическую структуру Yersinia pestis subspecies central asiatica biovar altaica в Горно-Алтайском высокогорном природном очаге чумы при MLVA25-типировании.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено MLVA25-типирование 330 штаммов Y. pestis ssp. central asiatica bv. altaica, изолированных в Горно-Алтайском высокогорном природном очаге чумы в 1961–2015 гг. Построение филогенетического древа осуществляли методами UPGMA и MST.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и выводы</title><p>Результаты и выводы. На основе кластерного анализа исследованные штаммы дифференцированы на 34 MLVA-типа. Сформированные крупные группы штаммов имеют выраженную пространственную приуроченность. Выявлены три хорологические группировки возбудителя чумы, обладающие своеобразием генотипических характеристик, каждая из которых распространена в пределах популяции основного носителя – монгольской пищухи (Уландрыкской, Тархатинской, Курайской) – и, соответственно, в одноименном мезоочаге. MLVA25-структура чумного микроба в Уландрыкском и Курайском мезоочагах характеризуется стабильностью во времени; существенные изменения не обнаруживаются с начала их выявления в 1961 и 1999 гг. соответственно. В Тархатинском мезоочаге, известном с 1972 г., наблюдаются кардинальные изменения MLVA25-структуры. Здесь с начала 1990-х гг. произошло массовое распространение MLVA25-типов, до этого периода встречавшихся с небольшой частотой, и элиминация таковых, абсолютно доминирующих до 1980 г. Наиболее вероятно, что смена доминирующих генотипов обусловлена эффектом «бутылочного горлышка», произошедшим в результате резкого снижения эпизоотической активности очага в середине 1980-х гг. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work was to study the genetic diversity and spatial-temporal genotype structure of Yersinia pestis subspecies central asiatica biovar altaica in the Gorno-Altai natural plague focus, using MLVA25-typing.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. MLVA25-typing of 330 strains of Y. pestis ssp. central asiatica bv. altaica, isolated in the Gorno-Altai mountain natural plague focus during 1961–2015 was carried out. The phylogenetic tree was constructed with the help of UPGMA and MST algorithms.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The analyzed strains have been differentiated into 34 MLVA types based on cluster analysis. The formed major groups of strains show pronounced spatial confinedness. Three chorological groupings of the plague agent with peculiar genotype characteristics have been identified. Each of the groupings is circulating among the main carrier (Ochotona pallasi) population and within the limits of the similarly-named mesofocus, respectively (Ulandryksky, Tarkhatynsky and Kuraisky). MLVA25 structure of Y. pestis in Ulandryksky and Kuraisky mezofoci show stability over time; there are no significant changes from the time of their first detection in 1961 and 1999, respectively. The dramatic changes in MLVA25 structure are observed in Tarkhatynsky mesofocus, which is known from 1972. Mass expanding of the MLVA25 types which were very rare before took place there from the beginning of 1990-s, along with elimination of the types absolutely dominant up to 1980s. Most likely the changing of dominating genotypes is attributable to the bottleneck effect, arising from the sharp decline of the focal epizootic activity in the mid 1980s. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Yersinia pestis</kwd><kwd>MLVA25-типирование</kwd><kwd>пространственно-временная структура</kwd><kwd>ГорноАлтайский природный очаг чумы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Yersinia pestis</kwd><kwd>MLVA25-typing</kwd><kwd>spatial-temporal structure</kwd><kwd>Gorno-Altai natural plague focus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adair D.M., Worsham P.L., Hill K.K., Klevytska A.M., Jackson P.J., Friedlander A.M., Keim P. 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