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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2022-1-43-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1656</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лихорадка Западного Нила: результаты мониторинга за возбудителем в 2021 г. в Российской Федерации, прогноз заболеваемости на 2022 г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>West Nile Fever: Results of Monitoring over the Causative Agent in the Russian Federation in 2021, the Incidence Forecast for 2022</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9368-6165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путинцева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putintseva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Путинцева Елена Викторовна</p><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Удовиченко</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Udovichenko</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6940-0350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2076-5276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородай</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodai</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-0274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпак</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpak</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-4052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомина</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomina</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5810-8864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Несговорова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesgovorova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-7246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батурин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baturin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3722-8159</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молчанова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molchanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-4299</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прилепская</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prilepskaya</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8632-203X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пименова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pimenova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2722-7948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викторов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viktorov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-4657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топорков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toporkov</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ Волгоградский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Путинцева Е.В., Удовиченко С.К., Никитин Д.Н., Бородай Н.В., Шпак И.М., Фомина В.К., Несговорова А.В., Батурин А.А., Молчанова Е.В., Прилепская Д.Р., Пименова Е.В., Викторов Д.В., Топорков А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Путинцева Е.В., Удовиченко С.К., Никитин Д.Н., Бородай Н.В., Шпак И.М., Фомина В.К., Несговорова А.В., Батурин А.А., Молчанова Е.В., Прилепская Д.Р., Пименова Е.В., Викторов Д.В., Топорков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Putintseva E.V., Udovichenko S.K., Nikitin D.N., Borodai N.V., Shpak I.M., Fomina V.K., Nesgovorova A.V., Baturin A.A., Molchanova E.V., Prilepskaya D.R., Pimenova E.V., Viktorov D.V., Toporkov А.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1656">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1656</self-uri><abstract><p>Эпидемиологическая ситуация по лихорадке Западного Нила (ЛЗН) в России в 2021 г. Характеризовалась подъемом заболеваемости относительно 2020 г. (рост более чем в 6 раз). Определены особенности эпидемического процесса ЛЗН: территориальное распределение случаев (75 % – в субъектах Центрального федерального округа), расширение ареала возбудителя с вовлечением новых территорий (впервые официальная регистрация случаев в Москве и Тульской области), раннее окончание эпидемического сезона. В структуре заболеваемости отмечены увеличение доли нейроинвазивных форм, рост удельного веса лиц мужского пола и возрастной группы 30–39 лет, сокращение доли населения, контактировавшей с возбудителем в природных местах массового отдыха. По результатам исследований Референс-центра по мониторингу за возбудителем ЛЗН, на территории субъектов Центрального, Южного и Северо-Кавказского федеральных округов установлена интенсивная циркуляция возбудителя ЛЗН. Низкий уровень зарегистрированной заболеваемости был обусловлен недостаточно эффективным выявлением больных ЛЗН. Результаты молекулярно-генетического исследования показали, что на территории европейской части России как в эпизоотическом, так и в эпидемическом циклах циркулировал вирус Западного Нила (ВЗН) второго генотипа, только в эпизоотическом цикле – ВЗН второго генотипа на юге Западной Сибири (Омская область) и четвертого генотипа в Волгоградской области. Посредством филогенетического анализа установлено, что изоляты, выделенные из Астраханской, Волгоградской, Ростовской, Воронежской областей и Республики Дагестан в 2021 г., относятся к ранее не отмечаемому на территории России геноварианту ВЗН второго генотипа. Топология филогенетического древа указывает на возможное африканское происхождение изолятов, вероятно, занесенных в Россию перелетными птицами через побережье Каспийского моря. В Волгоградской области циркулировал ВЗН как укоренившейся клады второго генотипа (с 2007 г.), так и нового геноварианта. Специалистами Референс-центра на основе методики нейросетевого моделирования разработан прогноз развития эпидемиологической ситуации по ЛЗН в 2022 г. в Волгоградской области, согласно которому ожидается рост заболеваемости, сопоставимый с таковым в 2010 и 2012 гг. На основании климатического прогноза возможен подъем заболеваемости во всех федеральных округах европейской части России, южных территориях Урала, Западной Сибири и Дальнего Востока.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The epidemiological situation on West Nile fever (WNF) in Russia in 2021 was characterized by an increase in the incidence relative to 2020 (more than 6-fold increase). The peculiarities of the WNF epidemic process have been determined: the territorial distribution of cases (75 % – in the constituent entities of the Central Federal District), the expansion of the causative agent’s areal with the involvement of new territories (official registration of cases in Moscow and the Tula Region for the first time ever), the early end of the epidemic season. An increase in the proportion of neuroinvasive forms, an increase in the share of male patients and the age group of 30–39 years, a decrease in the proportion of the population in contact with the pathogen in natural places of mass recreation were observed in the incidence structure. According to the results of the monitoring studies carried out by the Reference Center, intensive circulation of the pathogen was established on the territory of the Central Federal District, Southern Federal District, and the North Caucasian Federal District. The low reported incidence was due to insufficient detection of WNF patients. The results of moleculargenetic study showed that in the European part of Russia, WNV lineage 2 circulated in both epizootic and epidemic cycles, lineage 2 in the south of Western Siberia (Omsk Region) and lineage 4 in the Volgograd Region – in the epizootic cycle only. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strains isolated from the Astrakhan, Volgograd, Rostov, Voronezh Regions and the Republic of Dagestan in 2021 belong to the genovariant of WNV lineage 2 not registered in Russia previously.  The topology of the phylogenetic tree indicates the possible African origin of the isolates, probably imported into Russia by migratory birds across the coast of the Caspian Sea. In the Volgograd Region, WNV of both the entrenched clade of lineage 2 (since 2007) and new genovariant circulated. The specialists of the Reference Center developed a forecast of WNF epidemiological situation development in the Volgograd Region in 2022 on the basis of the neural network modeling technique, according to which an increase in the incidence is expected, comparable to that in 2010 and 2012. Based on the climate projections, an increase in the incidence is possible in all Federal Districts of the European part of Russia, the southern territories of the Urals, Western Siberia, and the Far East.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лихорадка Западного Нила</kwd><kwd>вирус Западного Нила</kwd><kwd>эпидемическая ситуация</kwd><kwd>мониторинг за возбудителем</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>West Nile fever</kwd><kwd>West Nile virus</kwd><kwd>epidemic situation</kwd><kwd>monitoring over the causative agent</kwd><kwd>forecast</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Выражаем благодарность руководителям и сотрудникам управлений Роспотребнадзора, центров гигиены и эпидемиологии субъектов Российской Федерации, а также противочумных институтов и противочумных станций Роспотребнадзора, предоставившим данные для проведения эпидемиологического анализа.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weekly updates: 2021 West Nile virus transmission season. 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