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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2022-1-106-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1664</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вариации адаптивного ответа Burkholderia pseudomallei на холодовой стресс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variations in the Adaptive Response of Burkholderia pseudomallei to Cold Stress</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7808-7658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zib279@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-5177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чирсков</surname><given-names>П. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chirskov</surname><given-names>P. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-731X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устинов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustinov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5193-6402</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викторов</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viktorov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-0274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпак</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpak</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-4657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топорков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toporkov</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2722-7948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викторов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viktorov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vari2@sprint-v.com.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ Волгоградский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Б., Чирсков П.Р., Устинов Д.В., Викторов А.Д., Шпак И.М., Топорков А.В., Викторов Д.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Б., Чирсков П.Р., Устинов Д.В., Викторов А.Д., Шпак И.М., Топорков А.В., Викторов Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.B., Chirskov P.R., Ustinov D.V., Viktorov A.D., Shpak I.M., Toporkov А.V., Viktorov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1664">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1664</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – анализ дифференциальной экспрессии генов у штаммов Burkholderia pseudomallei с различным уровнем выживаемости в условиях холодового стресса.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В качестве модельных использованы три штамма B. pseudomallei сиквенс-типов ST 46, ST 70 и ST 85; РНК выделяли методом мембранных колонок, стабилизировали дегидратированием; кДНК секвенировали на платформе Illumina MiSeq; функции генов классифицировали в базе данных KEGG PATHWAY.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. На основании анализа транскриптомов штаммов B. pseudomallei после длительного холодового стресса впервые описаны молекулярные механизмы адаптации B. pseudomallei к низким температурам. Показано, что адаптация B. pseudomallei к холодовому стрессу связана с регуляторными процессами, приводящими к значительному снижению общей транскрипционной активности. Обнаружено две стратегии адаптации к низким температурам: 1) модуляция регуляторных процессов, приводящая к подавлению экспрессии генов основных путей метаболизма до минимального уровня, обеспечивающего жизнеспособность клетки, и активация минимально необходимого набора генов стрессового ответа; 2) менее выраженное подавление общего метаболизма в сочетании с активацией экспрессии расширенного спектра генов холодового и теплового шока, общего, осмотического и универсального стрессов. Оба механизма обеспечивают возбудителю мелиоидоза выживание в условиях длительного холодового стресса при низких положительных температурах. При отрицательных – первая стратегия показала большую эффективность, переход B. pseudomallei в жизнеспособное, но некультивируемое состояние происходит в долгосрочной перспективе (не менее 2 лет), при реализации второй – в течение 2 месяцев. Оценка потенциала и молекулярных механизмов адаптации этой бактерии к холодовому стрессу необходима для понимания степени риска при возможном заносе B. pseudomallei в регионы с умеренным климатом и разработки эффективных мер обеспечения биобезопасности окружающей среды.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to analyze differential gene expression in Burkholderia pseudomallei strains with different survival rates under cold stress conditions.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Three strains of B. pseudomallei (sequence types ST 46, ST 70, and ST 85) were used as model strains. The RNA was isolated using the membrane columns method and stabilized through dehydration. The cDNA was sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Gene functions were classified using the KEGG PATHWAY database.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Based on the analysis of transcriptomes of B. pseudomallei strains after prolonged exposure to cold stress, the molecular mechanisms of B. pseudomallei adaptation to low temperatures have been described for the first time ever. It was shown that adaptation of B. pseudomallei to cold stress is associated with regulatory processes leading to a significant decrease in the total transcriptional activity. Two strategies of adaptation to low temperatures have been found: 1) modulation of regulatory processes leading to suppression of gene expression of the main metabolic pathways to the minimum level that ensures cell viability and activation of the minimum required set of stress response genes, and 2) less noticeable suppression of general metabolism in combination with activation of expression of an extended range of genes for cold and heat shock, general, osmotic, and universal stresses. Both mechanisms provide the causative agent of melioidosis with survival under conditions of prolonged cold stress at low positive temperatures. The first strategy showed greater efficiency at negative temperatures. The transition of B. pseudomallei to a viable but uncultivated state occurs in the long term (at least 2 years). While with the second strategy, this happens within 2 months. Assessment of the potential and molecular mechanisms of adaptation of this bacterium to cold stress is necessary to understand the degree of risk in case of a possible introduction of B. pseudomallei into regions with a temperate climate and to develop effective measures to ensure the biosafety of the environment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Burkholderia pseudomallei</kwd><kwd>ответ на холодовой стресс</kwd><kwd>транскриптом</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Burkholderia pseudomallei</kwd><kwd>cold stress response</kwd><kwd>transcriptome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Limmathurotsakul D., Golding N., Dance D.A., Messina J.P., Pigott D.M., Moyes C.L., Rolim D.B., Bertherat E., Day N.P., Peacock S.J., Hay S.I. Predicted global distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei and burden of melioidosis. Nat. 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