microbeПроблемы особо опасных инфекцийProblems of Particularly Dangerous Infections0370-10692658-719XRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”10.21055/0370-1069-2022-3-6-13microbe-1720Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSИсследования in silico на этапах конструирования современных средств иммунопрофилактики чумы (на примере субъединичных вакцин)In silico Research at the Stages of Designing Modern Means for Prevention of Plague (by the Example of Subunit Vaccines)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5092-432XБудановаА. А.BudanovaA. A.

Буданова Ангелина Андреевна

410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46

Angelina A. Budanova

46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005

rusrapi@microbe.ruЩуковскаяТ. Н.ShchukovskayaT. N.

410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46

46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005

rusrapi@microbe.ruФКУН «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»РоссияRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”Russian Federation20222910202203613Copyright © Буданова А.А., Щуковская Т.Н., 20222022Буданова А.А., Щуковская Т.Н.Budanova A.A., Shchukovskaya T.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1720

Цель обзора – проанализировать результаты отечественных и зарубежных исследователей по разработке современных препаратов для специфической профилактики чумы и показать возможности применения биоинформационного анализа на этапах конструирования для создания эффективной и безопасной вакцины. Работа по созданию эффективной чумной вакцины нового поколения затруднена ввиду нескольких факторов, связанных прежде всего с наличием у чумного микроба механизмов уклонения от иммунной системы макроорганизма, а также большого числа детерминант патогенности. Благодаря разработке подходов, основанных на исследованиях in silico, наблюдается прогрессивное развитие вакцинных технологий, основанных, прежде всего, на применении важнейших иммуногенов чумного микроба (F1 и V-антиген). В качестве актуальных способов применения биоинформационного анализа данных при разработке способов повышения эффективности защиты при вакцинации субъединичными препаратами рассматриваются исследования, направленные на улучшение антигенных характеристик F1 и LcrV, а также работы по биоинформационному поиску и анализу дополнительных перспективных компонентов для включения в состав субъединичных вакцин.

The purpose of this review was to analyze the findings of domestic and foreign researchers on the development of modern drugs for the specific prevention of plague and to illustrate the possibilities of using bioinformatics analysis at the design stages to create an effective and safe vaccine. Work on the creation of an effective new-generation plague vaccine is hampered by several factors associated primarily with the presence of mechanisms of evasion from the immune system of the macroorganism, as well as a large number of pathogenicity determinants in the plague agent. Due to the development of approaches that are based on in silico studies, there is a progressive development of vaccine technologies oriented primarily to the use of the most important immunogens of the plague microbe (F1 and V antigen). Studies aimed at improving the antigenic properties of F1 and LcrV, as well as work on bioinformatic search and analysis of additional promising components to be included in the composition of subunit vaccines are considered as topical applications of bioinformatics data analysis in developing the tools for enhancing the effectiveness of protection through vaccination with subunit preparations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.