<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2022-4-57-62</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1761</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вариабельность генов pgm‑области штаммов Yersinia pestis из Прикаспийского песчаного и сопредельных очагов чумы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variability of pgm‑Region Genes in Yersinia pestis Strains from the Caspian Sandy and Adjacent Plague Foci</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6522-2606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горюнова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryunova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горюнова Полина Александровна</p><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina A. Goryunova</p><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5403-989X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерошенко</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eroshenko</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2438-8364</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куклева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukleva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9190-099X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нарышкина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naryshkina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Девдариани</surname><given-names>З. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Devdariani</surname><given-names>Z. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-3820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Червякова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chervyakova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3788-3452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутырев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutyrev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУН «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горюнова П.А., Ерошенко Г.А., Куклева Л.М., Нарышкина Е.А., Девдариани З.Л., Червякова Н.С., Кутырев В.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горюнова П.А., Ерошенко Г.А., Куклева Л.М., Нарышкина Е.А., Девдариани З.Л., Червякова Н.С., Кутырев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goryunova P.A., Eroshenko G.A., Kukleva L.M., Naryshkina E.A., Devdariani Z.L., Chervyakova N.S., Kutyrev V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1761">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1761</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – сравнение нуклеотидных последовательностей генов pgm‑области штаммов Yersinia pestis, выделенных в 1925–2015 гг. на территории Прикаспийского песчаного и сопредельных очагов чумы. Материалы и методы. В работе использованы 65 штаммов Y. pestis из Прикаспийского песчаного и сопредельных очагов чумы. Выделение ДНК проводили с помощью набора PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit. Полногеномное секвенирование выполняли в Ion S5 XL System (Thermo Fischer Scientific). Обработку данных осуществляли с помощью Ion Torrent Suite software package 3.4.2 и NewblerGS Assembler 2.6. Для сравнения полученных последовательностей с генетическим банком данных GenBank NCBI использовали алгоритм Blast. Филогенетический анализ выполнен по данным полногеномного SNP‑анализа на основе 1183 выявленных SNPs. Поиск маркерных SNPs выполняли с помощью программы Snippy 4.6. Построение филогенетического дерева осуществляли с использованием алгоритма Maximum Likelihood, модель нуклеотидных замен GTR. Результаты и обсуждение. Проанализированы нуклеотидные последовательности генов pgm‑области 65 штаммов Y. pestis из Прикаспийского песчаного и сопредельных очагов чумы. Выявлены единичные нуклеотидные замены у штаммов Y. pestis из Прикаспийского песчаного и Кобыстанского равнинно-предгорного очагов в генах hmsR, astВ, ybtS, ypo1944, ypo1943, ypo1936, а также делеция в 5 п.н. в гене ypo1945, которая характерна для штаммов одной из филогенетических линий Y. pestis из очагов Кавказа и Закавказья, выделенных в 1968–2001 гг. Полученные данные могут быть использованы для дифференциации штаммов Y. pestis из Прикаспийского песчаного очага, а также в установлении направлений микроэволюции возбудителя чумы в этом регионе Прикаспия и сопредельных очагах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to compare the nucleotide sequences of pgm‑region genes in Yersinia pestis strains isolated on the territory of the Caspian sandy and adjacent plague foci in 1925–2015. Materials and methods. 65 Y. pestis strains from the Caspian sandy and adjacent plague foci were used in the work. DNA isolation was performed using the PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit. Whole genome sequencing was conducted in Ion S5 XL System (Thermo Fischer Scientific). Data processing was carried out using Ion Torrent Suite software package 3.4.2 and NewblerGS Assembler 2.6. To compare the obtained sequences with the NCBI GenBank database, the Blast algorithm was used. The phylogenetic analysis was performed according to the data of whole genome SNP analysis based on 1183 identified SNPs. The search for marker SNPs was performed using the Snippy 4.6 program. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood algorithm, the GTR nucleotide substitution model. Results and discussion. The nucleotide sequences of pgm‑region genes of 65 Y. pestis strains from the Caspian sandy and adjacent plague foci have been assessed. Single nucleotide substitutions have been identified in Y. pestis strains from the Caspian sandy and Kobystan plain-foothill foci in the hmsR, astB, ybtS, ypo1944, ypo1943, ypo1936 genes, as well as a deletion of 5 bp in the ypo1945 gene, which is characteristic of strains of one of the phylogenetic lines of Y. pestis from the foci of Caucasus and Transcaucasia, isolated in 1968–2001. The data obtained can be used to differentiate Y. pestis strains from the Caspian sandy focus, as well as to establish the directions of microevolution of the plague pathogen in this region and adjacent foci.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>чума</kwd><kwd>pgm‑область</kwd><kwd>hms‑оперон</kwd><kwd>природные очаги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>plague</kwd><kwd>pgm‑region</kwd><kwd>hms‑operon</kwd><kwd>natural foci</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fetherston J.D., Schuetze P., Perry R.D. Loss of the pigmentation phenotype in Yersinia pestis is due to the spontaneous deletion of 102 kb of chromosomal DNA which is fanked by a repetitive element. Mol. Microbiol. 1992; 6(18):2693–704. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01446.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fetherston J.D., Schuetze P., Perry R.D. Loss of the pigmentation phenotype in Yersinia pestis is due to the spontaneous deletion of 102 kb of chromosomal DNA which is fanked by a repetitive element. Mol. Microbiol. 1992; 6(18):2693–704. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01446.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buchrieser C., Rusniok C., Frangeul L., Couve E., Billault A., Kunst F., Carniel E., Glaser P. The 102-kilobase pgm locus of Yersinia pestis: sequence analysis and comparison of selected regions among different Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains. Infect. Immun. 1999; 67(9):4851–61. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.67.9.4851-4861.1999.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buchrieser C., Rusniok C., Frangeul L., Couve E., Billault A., Kunst F., Carniel E., Glaser P. The 102-kilobase pgm locus of Yersinia pestis: sequence analysis and comparison of selected regions among different Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains. Infect. Immun. 1999; 67(9):4851–61. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.67.9.4851-4861.1999.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perry R.D., Bobrov A.G., Kirillina O., Jones H.A., Pedersen L., Abney J., Fetherston J.D. Temperature regulation of the hemin storage (Hms+) phenotype of Yersinia pestis is posttranscriptional. J. Bacteriol. 2004; 186(6):1638–47. DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.6.1638-1647.2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perry R.D., Bobrov A.G., Kirillina O., Jones H.A., Pedersen L., Abney J., Fetherston J.D. Temperature regulation of the hemin storage (Hms+) phenotype of Yersinia pestis is posttranscriptional. J. Bacteriol. 2004; 186(6):1638–47. DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.6.1638-1647.2004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hinnebusch B.J., Perry R.D., Schwan T.G. Role of Yersinia pestis hemin storage (hms) locus in transmission of plague by fleas. Science. 1996; 273(5273):367–70. DOI: 10.1126/science.273.5273.367.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hinnebusch B.J., Perry R.D., Schwan T.G. Role of Yersinia pestis hemin storage (hms) locus in transmission of plague by fleas. Science. 1996; 273(5273):367–70. DOI: 10.1126/science.273.5273.367.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ерошенко Г.А., Видяева Н.А., Куклева Л.М., Кошель Е.И., Одиноков Г.Н., Шавина Н.Ю., Князева Т.В., Мокроусова Т.В., Краснов Я.М., Анисимова Л.В., Новичкова Л.А., Ерохин П.С., Бойко А.В., Кутырев В.В. Изучение образования биопленки у беспигментных и бесплазмидных мутантов штамма Yersinia pestis на биотических поверхностях в условиях in vitro и in vivo. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2012; 3:45–9. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2012-3-45-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eroshenko G.A., Vidyaeva N.A., Kukleva L.M., Koshel’ E.I., Odinokov G.N., Shavina N.Yu., Knyazeva T.V., Mokrousova T.V., Krasnov Y.M., Anisimova L.V., Novichkova L.A., Erokhin P.S., Boiko A.V., Kutyrev V.V. [Studies of biofilm formation in non-pigmented and plasmid-deprived mutants of Yersinia pestis on biotic surfaces, in vivo and in vitro]. Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii [Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections]. 2012; (3):45–9. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2012-3-45-49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bobrov A.G., Kirillina O., Forman S., Mack D., Perry R.D. Insights into Yersinia pestis biofilm development: topology and counteraction of Hms inner membrane proteins involved in exopolysaccharide production. Environ. Microbiol. 2008; 10(6):1419–32. DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01554.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bobrov A.G., Kirillina O., Forman S., Mack D., Perry R.D. Insights into Yersinia pestis biofilm development: topology and counteraction of Hms inner membrane proteins involved in exopolysaccharide production. Environ. Microbiol. 2008; 10(6):1419–32. DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01554.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perry R.D., Balbo P.B., Jones H.A., Fetherston J.D., DeMoll E. Yersiniabactin from Yersinia pestis: biochemical characterization of the siderophore and its role in iron transport and regulation. Microbiology (Reading). 1999; 145(Pt. 5):1181–90. DOI: 10.1099/13500872-145-5-118.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perry R.D., Balbo P.B., Jones H.A., Fetherston J.D., DeMoll E. Yersiniabactin from Yersinia pestis: biochemical characterization of the siderophore and its role in iron transport and regulation. Microbiology (Reading). 1999; 145(Pt. 5):1181–90. DOI: 10.1099/13500872-145-5-118.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cui Y., Yu C., Yan Y., Li D., Li Y., Jombart T., Weinert L.A., Wang Z., Guo Z., Xu L., Zhang Y., Zheng H., Qin N., Xiao X., Wu M., Wang X., Zhou D., Qi Z., Du Z., Wu H., Yang X., Cao H., Wang H., Wang J., Yao S., Rakin A., Li Y., Falush D., Balloux F., Achtman M., Song Y., Wang J., Yang R. Historical variations in mutation rate in an epidemic pathogen, Yersinia pestis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 2013; 110(2):577–82. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1205750110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cui Y., Yu C., Yan Y., Li D., Li Y., Jombart T., Weinert L.A., Wang Z., Guo Z., Xu L., Zhang Y., Zheng H., Qin N., Xiao X., Wu M., Wang X., Zhou D., Qi Z., Du Z., Wu H., Yang X., Cao H., Wang H., Wang J., Yao S., Rakin A., Li Y., Falush D., Balloux F., Achtman M., Song Y., Wang J., Yang R. Historical variations in mutation rate in an epidemic pathogen, Yersinia pestis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 2013; 110(2):577–82. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1205750110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Darriba D., Taboada G.L., Doallo R., Posada D. jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nat. Methods. 2012; 9(8):772. DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2109.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Darriba D., Taboada G.L., Doallo R., Posada D. jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nat. Methods. 2012; 9(8):772. DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2109.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Булгакова Е.Г., Краснов Я.М., Гаева А.В., Сухоносов И.Ю., Анисимова Л.В., Гусева Н.П., Новичкова Л.А., Кутырев В .В. Особенности проявления признака пигментации и структурные различия генов hms‑оперона у штаммов Y. pestis и Y. Pseudotuberculosis разного происхождения. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2011; 2:30–5. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2011-2(108)-30-35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boolgakova E.G., Krasnov Y.M., Gaeva A.V., Sukhonosov I.Yu., Anisimova L.V., Guseva N.P., Novichkova L.A., Kutyrev V.V. [Peculiarities of Pigmentation Expression and Structural Differences of hms Operon Genes in Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis Strains of Diverse Origin]. Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii [Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections]. 2011; (2):30–5. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2011-2(108)-30-35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forman S., Bobrov A.G., Kirillina O., Craig S.K., Abney J., Fetherston J.D., Perry R.D. Identification of critical amino acid residues in the plague biofilm Hms proteins. Microbiology (Reading). 2006; 152(Pt. 11):3399–410. DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.29224-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Forman S., Bobrov A.G., Kirillina O., Craig S.K., Abney J., Fetherston J.D., Perry R.D. Identification of critical amino acid residues in the plague biofilm Hms proteins. Microbiology (Reading). 2006; 152(Pt. 11):3399–410. DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.29224-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaddy C.E., Cuevas P.F., Hartman L.J., Howe G.B., Worsham P.L., Minogue T.D. Development of real-time PCR assays for specific detection of hmsH, hmsF, hmsR, and irp2 located within the 102-kb pgm locus of Yersinia pestis. Mol. Cell. Probes. 2014; 28(5-6):288–95. DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2014.08.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaddy C.E., Cuevas P.F., Hartman L.J., Howe G.B., Worsham P.L., Minogue T.D. Development of real-time PCR assays for specific detection of hmsH, hmsF, hmsR, and irp2 located within the 102-kb pgm locus of Yersinia pestis. Mol. Cell. Probes. 2014; 28(5-6):288–95. DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2014.08.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никифоров К.А., Морозов О.А., Носов Н.Ю., Куклева Л.М., Ерошенко Г.А., Кутырев В.В. Популяционная структура, таксономия и генетические особенности штаммов Yersinia pestis центральноазиатского подвида. Генетика. 2018; 54(10):1125–35. DOI: 10.1134/S0016675818100107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikiforov K.A., Morozov O.A., Nosov N.Y., Kukleva L.M., Yeroshenko G.A., Kutyrev V.V. [Population structure, taxonomy, and genetic features of Yersinia pestis strains of the Central Asian subspecies]. Genetika [Russian Journal of Genetics]. 2018; 54(10):1125–35. DOI: 10.1134/S0016675818100107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miller M.C., Fetherston J.D., Pickett C.L., Bobrov A.G., Weaver R.H., DeMoll E., Perry R.D. Reduced synthesis of the Ybt siderophore or production of aberrant Ybt-like molecules activates transcription of yersiniabactin genes in Yersinia pestis. Microbiology (Reading). 2010; 156(Pt. 7):2226–38. DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.037945-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miller M.C., Fetherston J.D., Pickett C.L., Bobrov A.G., Weaver R.H., DeMoll E., Perry R.D. Reduced synthesis of the Ybt siderophore or production of aberrant Ybt-like molecules activates transcription of yersiniabactin genes in Yersinia pestis. Microbiology (Reading). 2010; 156(Pt. 7):2226–38. DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.037945-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
