microbeПроблемы особо опасных инфекцийProblems of Particularly Dangerous Infections0370-10692658-719XRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-27-36microbe-1787Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSНовые данные о распространении вируса Нипах (Henipavirus. Paramyxoviridae) и методах его индикации и идентификацииNew Data on the Dissemination of the Nipah Virus (Henipavirus. Paramyxoviridae) and Methods of its Indication and Identificationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-0415КривошеинаЕ. И.KrivosheinaE. I.

Кривошеина Екатерина Ильинична

Российская Федерация, 630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово

Ekaterina I. Krivosheina

Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russian Federation

vector@vector.nsc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7857-6822КарташовМ. Ю.KartashovM. Yu.

Российская Федерация, 630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово

Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russian Federation.

vector@vector.nsc.ruThi NhaiTranThi NhaiTran

Ханой, Социалистическая Республика Вьетнам

Hanoi, Socialist Republic of Vietnam

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6474-3696НайденоваЕ. В.NaidenovaE. V.

Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46

46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation

rusrapi@microbe.ruФБУН «Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»РоссияState Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”Russian FederationРоссийско-Вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центрВьетнамRussian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technology CenterViet NamФКУН «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»РоссияRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”Russian Federation202328042023012736Copyright © Кривошеина Е.И., Карташов М.Ю., Thi Nhai T., Найденова Е.В., 20232023Кривошеина Е.И., Карташов М.Ю., Thi Nhai T., Найденова Е.В.Krivosheina E.I., Kartashov M.Y., Thi Nhai T., Naidenova E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1787

Вирус Нипах (Nipah virus, NiV) – представитель рода Henipavirus семейства Paramyxoviridae, является возбудителем опасной инфекционной болезни с широким спектром клинических проявлений: от бессимптомной (субклинической) формы до тяжелого энцефалита со смертельным исходом. Несмотря на регистрацию заболевания, вызванного данным вирусом, только в странах Юго-Восточной Азии, не исключена возможность завоза возбудителя на неэндемичные территории. Также данный патоген способен инфицировать не только большое количество людей, но и животных, являясь причиной тяжелых заболеваний и нанося значительный экономический ущерб, поэтому представляет собой как медицинскую, так и ветеринарную проблему. В настоящем обзоре приведены имеющиеся в современной печати данные о строении и классификации вируса Нипах, возможных циклах его передачи, распространении, методах индикации и идентификации возбудителя в клиническом и биологическом материале, а также эффективности их применения в зависимости от сроков начала заболевания и об имеющихся коммерческих диагностических и профилактических препаратах.

Nipah virus (Nipah virus, NiV) is a representative of the genus Henipavirus of the Paramyxoviridae family, the causative agent of a dangerous infectious disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations – from an asymptomatic (subclinical) form to severe encephalitis with fatal outcome. Despite the fact that the disease caused by this virus is registered only in the countries of Southeast Asia, the possibility of importing the pathogen to non-endemic territories is not excluded. Also, this pathogen is able to infect not only a large number of people, but also animals, causing serious diseases and significant economic damage, posing both, a medical and veterinary problem. This review presents the data available in the modern press on the structure and classification of the Nipah virus, possible cycles of its transmission, spread, methods of indication and identification in clinical and biological material, as well as the effectiveness of their use depending on the timing of the onset of the disease and available commercial diagnostic and preventive drugs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.