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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-132-141</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1799</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внутривидовая дифференциация штаммов Francisella tularensis методом мультилокусной полимеразной цепной реакции с учетом результатов в режиме реального времени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Intraspecific Differentiation of Francisella tularensis Strains Using Multilocus Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0954-5683</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осина Наталия Александровна</p><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Osina</p><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-2624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситмбетов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitmbetov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2405-2684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булгакова</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulgakova</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5487-2240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чекмарева</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chekmareva</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-3910</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сазанова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sazanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1026-2680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сеничкина</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Senichkina</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1332-9580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляшова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyashova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-0022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1143-4069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербакова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУН «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>141</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Осина Н.А., Ситмбетов Д.А., Булгакова Е.Г., Чекмарева С.С., Сазанова Е.В., Сеничкина А.М., Ляшова О.Ю., Осин А.В., Щербакова С.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осина Н.А., Ситмбетов Д.А., Булгакова Е.Г., Чекмарева С.С., Сазанова Е.В., Сеничкина А.М., Ляшова О.Ю., Осин А.В., Щербакова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osina N.A., Sitmbetov D.A., Bulgakova E.G., Chekmareva S.S., Sazanova E.V., Senichkina A.M., Lyashova O.Y., Osin A.V., Shcherbakova S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1799">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1799</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – разработка способа внутривидовой дифференциации туляремийного микроба: подвиды tularensis (субпопуляции AI и AII), holarctica (биовары japonica, EryS/R), mediasiatica и novicida – с помощью мультилокусной ПЦР с учетом результатов в режиме реального времени. Материалы и методы. В работе использовали 48 штаммов Francisella tularensis различных подвидов, биоваров и субпопуляций. Внутривидовую принадлежность штаммов устанавливали на основании анализа вариабельности области дифференциации RD-1 методом ПЦР , гена sdhA – методом фрагментного секвенирования по Сэнгеру, диско-диффузионным методом с использованием дисков с эритромицином. Подбор праймеров и зондов проводили с помощью программного обеспечения на сайте www.genscript.com и программы GeneRunner 6.5.52. Оценку гомологии последовательностей – по алгоритму BLAST, используя базу данных GenBank NCBI. Результаты и обсуждение. Получены новые данные по структуре и встречаемости областей дифференциации RD-8, RD-12, RD-28, гена FTT1122с и гомологичных ему последовательностей у штаммов туляремийного микроба различной подвидовой принадлежности. Выявлена новая RDhm размером 346 п.н., характерная для штаммов subsp. mediasiatica, holarctica, которая делетирована у subsp. tularensis и отсутствует у subsp. novicida. На основе выявления локусов FTT1670, FTT1122с, FTT1067, FTW_2084 разработана мультилокусная ПЦР с учетом результатов в режиме реального времени «F. tularensis 4c», обеспечивающая определение всех подвидов туляремийного микроба, отдельно биовара japonica голарктического подвида и субпопуляций АI, AII подвида tularensis. Подтверждена ее специфичность при исследовании штаммов туляремийного микроба из фонда Государственной коллекции патогенных бактерий ФКУН Российский противочумный институт «Микроб». Полученные результаты расширяют представление о внутривидовой генетической неоднородности туляремийного микроба и возможности идентификации возбудителя туляремии с помощью молекулярно-генетических методов. Они также важны для понимания процессов приспособления возбудителя к циркуляции в макроорганизме и объектах окружающей среды, направлений эволюции и образования новых видов франциселл.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to develop a method for intraspecific differentiation of the tularemia microbe: subspecies tularensis (subpopulations AI and AII), holarctica (biovars japonica, EryS/R), mediasiatica, and novicida using multilocus real-time PCR. Materials and methods. We used 48 strains of F. tularensis of various subspecies, biovars, and subpopulations. Intraspecific appurtenance of the strains was carried out on the basis of the analysis of the RD-1 region variability applying PCR, the sdhA gene by Sanger fragment sequencing and by the disk diffusion method using disks with erythromycin. The selection of primers and probes was performed using the software available at www.genscript.com and GeneRunner 6.5.52. Sequence homology was assessed using the BLAST algorithm and the GenBank NCBI database. Results and discussion. New data on the structure and occurrence of the differentiation regions RD-8, RD-12, RD-28 of FTT1122c gene and its homologous sequences in strains of tularemia microbe of various subspecies have been obtained. Novel RDhm 346 bp in size, characteristic of strains of the subsp. mediasiatica, holarctica, which is deleted in subsp. tularensis and absent in subsp. novicida has been detected. Based on the detection of the FTT1670, FTT1122с, FTT1067, FTW_2084 loci, a multilocus real-time PCR has been developed – “F. tularensis 4c”, providing for identification of all subspecies of the tularemia microbe, separately for the biovar japonica of the Holarctic subspecies and subpopulations AI, AII of the subspecies tularensis. The PCR specificity was confirmed in the study of strains of tularemia microbe from the fund of the “State Collection of Pathogenic Bacteria” at the premises of the Russian Reserarch Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”. The results obtained expand the concept of intraspecific genetic heterogeneity of tularemia microbe and possibilities of identifying the causative agent of tularemia using molecular-genetic methods. They are important for understanding the processes of adaptation of the pathogen to circulation in the host organism and environmental objects, the course of evolution and formation of new species of Francisella.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мультилокусная ПЦР</kwd><kwd>внутривидовая дифференциация</kwd><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>биовары</kwd><kwd>подвиды</kwd><kwd>области дифференциации RD</kwd><kwd>структурная организация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multilocus PCR</kwd><kwd>intraspecific differentiation</kwd><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>biovars</kwd><kwd>subspecies</kwd><kwd>RD differentiation regions</kwd><kwd>structural organization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">List of Procariotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). [Электронный ресурс]. 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