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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2014-4-29-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-181</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антропоургические очаги чумы Вьетнама: прошлое и настоящее</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anthropourgic Foci of Plague in Vietnam: Past and Present</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сунцов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suntsov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сунцова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suntsova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матросов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matrosov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данг Туан Дат</surname><given-names> </given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dang Tuan Dat</surname><given-names> </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лыонг Тхи Мо</surname><given-names> </given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyong Thi Mo</surname><given-names> </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слудский</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sludsky</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куклев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kouklev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касьян</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kas’Yan</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майоров</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayorov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астахова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astakhova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н.Северцова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российско-Вьетнамский тропический центр</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт гигиены и эпидемиологии Тайнгуен</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Thai Nguyen Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сунцов В.В., Сунцова Н.И., Матросов А.Н., Кузнецов А.А., Данг Туан Дат  ., Лыонг Тхи Мо  ., Слудский А.А., Куклев Е.В., Тарасов М.А., Касьян И.А., Майоров Н.В., Астахова Т.С., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сунцов В.В., Сунцова Н.И., Матросов А.Н., Кузнецов А.А., Данг Туан Дат  ., Лыонг Тхи Мо  ., Слудский А.А., Куклев Е.В., Тарасов М.А., Касьян И.А., Майоров Н.В., Астахова Т.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Suntsov V.V., Suntsova N.I., Matrosov A.N., Kuznetsov A.A., Dang Tuan Dat  ., Lyong Thi Mo  ., Sludsky A.A., Kouklev E.V., Tarasov M.A., Kas’Yan I.A., Mayorov N.V., Astakhova T.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/181">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/181</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре приведены результаты эколого-эпизоотологических и эпидемиологических исследований по чуме на территории Социалистической Республики Вьетнам в 1989-2012 гг. Изучена структура эпизоотической триады носитель-переносчик-возбудитель. В условиях влажного субэкваториального климата существование природных очагов чумы в зоне тропических лесов или саванн маловероятно. Основным носителем возбудителя на плато Тайнгуен является синантропная малая крыса Rattus exulans. На дикоживущих крысах рода Rattus, мышах и бандикотах нет специализированных блох, а численность прочих видов низка. Из эффективных переносчиков чумы известны лишь 2 вида блох рода Xenopsylla. X. vexabilis (переносчик только в бывших природных очагах на Гавайских островах) - узкоареальный вид, паразитирующий на дикоживущей малой белозубой крысе Berylmys berdmorei только в сухой сезон, на синантропных грызунах не встречается. X. cheopis - многочисленный космополитный вид африканского происхождения , паразитирующий круглогодично на крысах и насекомоядных в населенных пунктах, в природных биотопах не встречается. Показано, что все компоненты паразитарной системы чумы относятся к интродуцированным видам. Сделан вывод, что очаги чумы во Вьетнаме являются антропоургическими, имеют исключительно антропогенное происхождение. Заболевания чумой людей в стране отмечали с 1898 по 2002 год. Наиболее стойкие очаги длительно функционировали на территории низкогорного плато Тайнгуен. Несмотря на снижение эпизоотической активности очагов на территориях бывших эндемичных по чуме провинций в современный период необходимо продолжение эпизоотологического мониторинга.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review contains the results of ecological-epizootiological and epidemiological investigations of plague in the territory of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1989-2012. Studied has been the structure of epizootic triad - carrier-vector-pathogen. There is a low probability of plague foci occurrence in zones of tropical forests and savanna under the conditions of humid subequatorial climate. Main plague agent carrier on the Thai Nguyen Plateau is the synanthropic little rat, Rattus exulans . Specialized fleas species are absent on wild-living rats Rattus genus, as well as mice, and bandicoots, and the abundance of other species is small. It has been demonstrated that all the elements of the parasitic plague system are classified as introduced species. Thereupon it is inferred that plague foci in Vietnam are anthropourgic and are of anthropogenic origin solely. Plague cases in humans across the territory of the country were registered between 1898 and 2002. The most persistent ones functioned on the Thai Nguyen Plateau. Although epizootic activity of the foci in territory of the former endemic provinces has decreased, it is necessary to continue epizootiological monitoring further on in the modern period.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антропоургический очаг чумы</kwd><kwd>носители и переносчики возбудителя чумы</kwd><kwd>эпизоотологический мониторинг</kwd><kwd>anthropourgic focus of plague</kwd><kwd>plague agent carriers and vectors</kwd><kwd>epizootiological monitoring</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акиев А.К., Варшавский С.Н., Козакевич В.П. Природная очаговость чумы в Юго-Восточной Азии (Вьетнам). В кн.: Эпидемиология и профилактика чумы и холеры. Саратов, 1983. С. 43-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akiev A.K., Varshavsky S.N., Kozakevich V.P. [Natural focality of plague in the South-Eastern Asia (Vietnam)]. 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