microbeПроблемы особо опасных инфекцийProblems of Particularly Dangerous Infections0370-10692658-719XRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”10.21055/0370-1069-2023-2-167-172microbe-1836Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESСовместная циркуляция коронавирусов среди грызунов и насекомоядныхCo-Circulation of Coronaviruses among Rodents and Insectivoreshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2844-7835ЯшинаЛ. Н.YashinaL. N.

630559, Новосибирская область, р.п. Кольцово

Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559

yashina@vector.nsc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5082-8071СметанниковаН. А.SmetannikovaN. A.

630559, Новосибирская область, р.п. Кольцово

Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9728-2985ПановВ. В.PanovV. V.

630091, Новосибирск, ул. Фрунзе, 11

11, Frunze St., Novosibirsk, 630091

office@eco.nsc.ruФБУН «Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»РоссияState Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”Russian FederationФГБУН «Институт систематики и экологии животных» Сибирского отделения РАНРоссияInstitute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of RASRussian Federation20231407202302167172Copyright © Яшина Л.Н., Сметанникова Н.А., Панов В.В., 20232023Яшина Л.Н., Сметанникова Н.А., Панов В.В.Yashina L.N., Smetannikova N.A., Panov V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1836

Коронавирусы (семейство Coronaviridae, роды Alphacoronavirus и Betacoronavirus) являются возбудителями респираторных, кишечных и неврологических заболеваний человека и животных. Природные резервуары коронавирусов включают летучих мышей, грызунов и насекомоядных, однако в Российской Федерации циркуляция коронавирусов среди грызунов и насекомоядных не исследована. Цель работы – исследование многообразия коронавирусов среди грызунов и насекомоядных, совместно обитающих в природных биотопах. Материалы и методы. Грызуны (68 особей) и бурозубки рода Sorex (23 особи) отловлены на ограниченной лесной территории, не превышающей 1,5 кв. км, в окрестностях Новосибирска. Все образцы проанализированы методом обратной транскрипции – полимеразной цепной реакции с последующим секвенированием. Результаты и обсуждение. В 4 видах отловленных мелких млекопитающих обнаружены 4 различных коронавируса. Ассоциированные с грызунами коронавирусы относились к роду Betacoronavirus, подрод Embecovirus, и демонстрировали филогенетическое группирование в соответствии с видом природного носителя. Уровень гомологии между новыми РНК-изолятами от красной полевки (Myodes rutilus), полевки-экономки (Microtus oeconomus) и полевой мыши (Apodemus agrarius) составлял 85,5–87,7 %. Нуклеотидные последовательности сибирских изолятов коронавируса близки (>93 % гомологии) ранее опубликованным последовательностям в каждой из групп носителей, обнаруженных на территории Европы и Китая, что предполагает их общее эволюционное происхождение. Коронавирус, выявленный в обыкновенной бурозубке (Sorex araneus), относился к роду Alphacoronavirus, однако значительно отличался (>36 % различий) от ранее выявленных штаммов, включенных в состав рода. Показано, что различные коронавирусы совместно циркулируют на ограниченной территории среди грызунов и насекомоядных.

Coronaviruses (family Coronaviridae, genera Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus) are the causative agents of respiratory, intestinal and neurological diseases in humans and animals. Natural reservoirs of coronaviruses include bats, rodents and insectivores, however, the circulation of coronaviruses among rodents and insectivores in the Russian Federation has been unexplored. The aim of the study was to investigate the diversity of coronaviruses among rodents and insectivores co-inhabiting natural biotopes. Materials and methods. Rodents (68 specimens) and shrews of the genus Sorex (23 specimens) were caught in a limited forest area not exceeding 1.5 sq. km, in the vicinity of Novosibirsk. All samples were screened using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing. Results and discussion. Four distinct coronaviruses have been detected in four species of small mammals. Rodent-borne coronaviruses were classed within subgenera Embecovirus, genus Betacoronavirus, and demonstrated host-associated phylogenetic clustering. The level of homology between the new RNA isolates from red-backed vole (Myodes rutilus), root vole (Microtus oeconomus) and field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) is 85.5–87.7 %. The nucleotide sequences of Siberian coronavirus isolates are closely related (>93 % homology) to previously published sequences in each of the carrier groups found in Europe and China, which suggests their common evolutionary origin. The coronavirus identified in the common shrew (Sorex araneus) belongs to the genus Alphacoronavirus, but is significantly different (>36 % difference) from earlier identified strains included in the genus. It has been shown that different coronaviruses co-circulate in a limited area among rodents and insectivores.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.