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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2023-4-6-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1891</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Чукотка как портал для распространения бешенства на Камчатку (систематический обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chukotka as a Portal for the Rabies Introduction into Kamchatka (Systematic Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1324-7374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ботвинкин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Botvinkin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Krasnogo Vosstaniya St., Irkutsk, 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rectorat@ismu.baikal.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-5998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарва</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarva</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Krasnogo Vosstaniya St., Irkutsk, 664003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2114-5589</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чупин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chupin</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>600901, г. Владимир, мкр-н Юрьевец</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Miсro-District Yur’evets, Vladimir, 600901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arriah@fsvps.gov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1563-5400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельников</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mel’nikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Krasnogo Vosstaniya St., Irkutsk, 664003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8566-7004</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельцов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mel’tsov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 664038, Иркутская обл., Иркутский р-н, п. Молодежный</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Molodezhny settlement, Irkutsk Region, 664038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@igsha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный центр охраны здоровья животных»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center for Animal Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный аграрный университет имени А.А. Ежевского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ботвинкин А.Д., Зарва И.Д., Чупин С.А., Мельников А.В., Мельцов И.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ботвинкин А.Д., Зарва И.Д., Чупин С.А., Мельников А.В., Мельцов И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Botvinkin A.D., Zarva I.D., Chupin S.A., Mel’nikov A.V., Mel’tsov I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1891">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1891</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель обзора – оценить особенности распространения и эпидемиологическую опасность бешенства на крайнем северо-востоке Азии. Систематический обзор подготовлен в результате синтеза публикаций о бешенстве и «диковании» за 1860–2022 гг. (n=22) и ранее не опубликованных данных за 2009–2023 гг. С конца XIX в. до 1980-х гг. эпизоотии бешенства систематически наблюдались на Чукотке и Камчатке. Выявлена корреляционная связь времени возникновения заболеваний бешенством на этих территориях с лагом в 1–2 года (r=0,349; p=0,054). На Чукотке с 2009 по 2023 г. подтверждено 24 случая бешенства у животных; на Камчатке бешенство не регистрируется после 1981 г. До 1982 г. описано 5 подтвержденных случаев заболевания бешенством у людей на Чукотке, а также 4 случая смерти людей предположительно от бешенства (Чукотка – 3, Камчатка – 1). Установлено сходство пространственного распространения эпизоотий в разные периоды времени. Бешенство выявлялось преимущественно на территории постоянного обитания песца (Vulpes lagopus) в прибрежных тундрах от устья Колымы до Анадырского залива. За пределами этой территории (долины рек Анадырь и Пенжина, полуостров Камчатка) бешенство распространялось среди лисиц (Vulpes vulpes). В настоящее время значение песца в распространении бешенства на Чукотке сократилось, а значение лисицы существенно возросло. Благодаря вакцинации бешенство среди собак регистрируется спорадически. Изоляты вируса бешенства с Чукотки принадлежат к генетической линии Arctic (группа Arctic-3), имеющей циркумполярное распространение. Возможность независимой циркуляции вируса бешенства на Камчатском полуострове сомнительна из-за ограниченных размеров популяции лисицы. На основе картографирования установлены возможные направления заноса бешенства с Чукотки на Камчатский полуостров. Проведение барьерной оральной вакцинации лисиц рекомендуется в годы подъема численности лисицы и песца на Чукотке.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this review was to assess the peculiarities of distribution and epidemiological risk of rabies in the extreme northeast of Asia. The systematic review was prepared through synthesizing publications on rabies over 1860–2022 (n=22) and previously unpublished data for 2009–2023. From the late 19th century until the 1980s, rabies epizootics were consistently observed in Chukotka and Kamchatka. A correlation was found between the time of occurrence of rabies in those territories with a lag period of 1–2 years (r=0.349; p=0.054). In 2009–2023, 24 animal rabies cases were confirmed in Chukotka; rabies has not been registered in Kamchatka since 1981. Until 1982, 5 confirmed human rabies cases were described in Chukotka, as well as 4 lethal cases presumably due to rabies (Chukotka – 3, Kamchatka – 1). The similarity of the spatial distribution of epizootics in different periods of time was established. Rabies was detected mainly in the area of the permanent polar fox (Vulpes lagopus) habitation, in the coastal tundra from the mouth of the Kolyma River to the Anadyr Gulf. Outside this territory (the valleys of the Anadyr and Penzhina Rivers, the Kamchatka Peninsula), rabies was reported in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). At present, the importance of the polar fox in the spread of rabies in Chukotka has decreased, while the significance of the red fox has increased substantially. Due to vaccination, rabies among dogs is recorded sporadically. Rabies virus isolates from Chukotka belong to the Arctic genetic lineage (Arctic-3 group), which has a circumpolar distribution. The possibility of independent circulation of the rabies virus in the Kamchatka Peninsula is doubtful because of the limited size of the red fox population. Based on the mapping, possible directions for the introduction of rabies to Kamchatka from Chukotka have been identified. Barrier oral rabies vaccination of foxes is recommended during the years of high abundance of red and polar foxes in Chukotka.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>арктическое бешенство</kwd><kwd>Чукотка</kwd><kwd>Камчатка</kwd><kwd>история изучения</kwd><kwd>пространственно-временной анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Arctic rabies</kwd><kwd>Chukotka</kwd><kwd>Kamchatka</kwd><kwd>history of study</kwd><kwd>spatiotemporal analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы признательны специалистам управлений ветеринарии, управлений Роспотребнадзора и департаментов природных ресурсов и экологии по Чукотскому автономному национальному округу (г. Анадырь) и Камчатского края (г. Петропавловск-Камчатский) за помощь в сборе информации за 2009–2023 гг.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Селимов М.А., Ботвинкин А.Д., Татаров А.Г. 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