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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2024-1-76-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-1947</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологическая ситуация по холере в Российской Федерации в 2023 г. и прогноз на 2024 г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiological Situation on Cholera in the Russian Federation in 2023 and Forecast for 2024</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-9032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127994, Москва, Вадковский пер., 18, стр. 5 и 7;</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 5 and 7, 18, Vadkovsky Lane, Moscow, 127994;</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-2221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носков</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Noskov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-onDon, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8701-280X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ежлова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ezhlova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127994, Москва, Вадковский пер., 18, стр. 5 и 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 5 and 7, 18, Vadkovsky Lane, Moscow, 127994</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6540-2778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кругликов</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruglikov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кругликов Владимир Дмитриевич, </p><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-onDon, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kruglikov_vd@antiplague.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9216-7777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монахова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakhova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-onDon, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4059-2878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чемисова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chemisova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-onDon, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5426-3311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопатин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopatin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127490, Москва, ул. Мусоргского, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Musorgskogo St., Moscow, 127490</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apc-rpn@apc-rpn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5426-3311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127490, Москва, ул. Мусоргского, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Musorgskogo St., Moscow, 127490</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apc-rpn@apc-rpn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9996-4189</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подойницына</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podoynitsyna</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-onDon, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-3231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Водопьянов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vodop’yanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-onDon, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5073-2918</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левченко</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levchenko</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-onDon, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6825-1135</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-onDon, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский противочумный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov-on-Don Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Противочумный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plague Control Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова А.Ю., Носков А.К., Ежлова Е.Б., Кругликов В.Д., Монахова Е.В., Чемисова О.С., Лопатин А.А., Иванова С.М., Подойницына О.А., Водопьянов А.С., Левченко Д.А., Савина И.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова А.Ю., Носков А.К., Ежлова Е.Б., Кругликов В.Д., Монахова Е.В., Чемисова О.С., Лопатин А.А., Иванова С.М., Подойницына О.А., Водопьянов А.С., Левченко Д.А., Савина И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova A.Y., Noskov A.K., Ezhlova E.B., Kruglikov V.D., Monakhova E.V., Chemisova O.S., Lopatin A.A., Ivanova S.M., Podoynitsyna O.A., Vodop’yanov A.S., Levchenko D.A., Savina I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1947">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1947</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены анализ и оценка рисков осложнения эпидемиологической ситуации по холере в Российской Федерации и прогноз на 2024 г. Дана краткая характеристика эпидемиологической ситуации по холере в мире в течение десятилетнего периода (2013–2022 гг.). Прогноз завоза холеры в РФ, обусловленный активностью эпидемического процесса в эндемичных странах, подтвердился. В 2023 г. зарегистрировано два случая завоза холеры из Индии. Установлено, что выделенные от больных токсигенные штаммы относились к доминирующей в настоящее время в мире, в том числе в Индии и Бангладеш, «постгаитянской» группе, имеющей генотип ctxB7 tcpACIRS rtxA4a VSP-IIΔ0495-0512. Из проб биологического материала от лиц, прибывших из Индии, также выделены нетоксигенные штаммы Vibrio cholerae О1, содержащие профаг preCTX и отличающиеся от штамма (ctxAB– tcpAEТ–), изолированного от больного острой кишечной инфекцией (ОКИ) (Запорожская область, г. Мелитополь). От 13 больных ОКИ изолированы нетоксигенные НАГ-вибрионы, что в 1,9 раза больше, чем в 2022 г. Независимо от завозов, из пробы воды поверхностного водоема выделен штамм V. cholerae O1 (ctxB1+tcpAEТ) «предгаитянской» группы. На территории 11 субъектов РФ изолировано 52 нетоксигенных штамма V. сholerae О1, что на 18,9 % больше, чем в 2022 г. В 2024 г. сохранятся эпидемиологические риски завоза холеры из эндемичных стран на любую административную территорию РФ. Особенно высоки риски эпидемического проявления холеры на территориях субъектов РФ, находящихся в условиях продолжающейся чрезвычайной ситуации, способствующих увеличению степени контакта населения с водными объектами, контаминированными холерными вибрионами. При возникновении эпидемических очагов холеры на территории соседней страны возникнет высокая вероятность распространения этой инфекции в вышеуказанных субъектах РФ и на других территориях юга России. В условиях отсутствия эпидемических проявлений холеры не исключается вероятность эпизодического обнаружения в пробах воды токсигенных штаммов О1-серогруппы вследствие неустановленных заносов с неблагополучных по холере территорий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents an analysis and assessment of risks of complication of epidemiological situation regarding cholera in the Russian Federation and a forecast for 2024. It briefly characterizes the dynamics of the epidemic process around the world during the last decade (2013–2022). The forecast of cholera importation into the Russian Federation, due to activity of the epidemic process in endemic countries, has been confirmed. In 2023, two cases of cholera importation from India were reported. It was established that the toxigenic strains isolated from patients belonged to the currently dominant in the world “post-Haitian” group, including in India and Bangladesh, with the genotype ctxB7 tcpACIRS rtxA4a VSP-IIΔ0495-0512. Furthermore, non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 strains were isolated from samples of biological material from persons arriving from India, containing preCTX prophage and distinct from the strain (ctxAB– tcpAEТ–) isolated from a patient with acute intestinal infection (Zaporozhye Region, Melitopol). Nontoxigenic NAG vibrios were isolated from 13 patients with acute intestinal infections, which is 1.9 times more than in 2022. Regardless of importations, a strain of V. cholerae O1 (ctxB1+tcpAEТ) of the “pre-Haitian” group was isolated from a water sample of a surface reservoir. 52 non-toxigenic V. сholerae O1 strains were found on the territory of 11 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which is 18.9 % more than in 2022. In 2024, epidemiological risks of cholera importation from endemic countries to any administrative territory of the Russian Federation remain. The risks of epidemic manifestations of cholera are especially high in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation which are under ongoing emergency, due to migration processes, and the impact of other risk-forming factors that contribute to an increase in the degree of contact of the population with water bodies contaminated with cholera vibrios. If epidemic foci of cholera are to emerge in a neighboring country, there will be a high probability of spread of this infection in the stated constituent entities of the Russian Federation and in other territories of southern Russia. In the absence of epidemic manifestations of cholera, the possibility of occasional detection of toxigenic O1 serogroup strains in water samples due to unidentified introductions from cholera-affected areas cannot be ruled out.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>холера</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологическая ситуация</kwd><kwd>эпидемический процесс</kwd><kwd>Vibrio cholerae О1</kwd><kwd>НАГвибрионы</kwd><kwd>токсигенные и нетоксигенные штаммы</kwd><kwd>филогенетический анализ</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cholera</kwd><kwd>epidemiological situation</kwd><kwd>epidemic process</kwd><kwd>Vibrio cholerae O1</kwd><kwd>NAG vibrios</kwd><kwd>toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Носков А.К., Кругликов В.Д., Москвитина Э.А., Миронова Л.В., Монахова Е.В., Соболева Е.Г., Чемисова О.С., Водопьянов А.С., Лопатин А.А., Иванова С.М., Меньшикова Е.А., Подойницына О.А., Ежова М.И., Евтеев А.В. 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