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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2024-2-76-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2001</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности споруляции основных генетических линий Bacillus anthracis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of Sporulation of the Main Genetic Lines of Bacillus anthracis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-1185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еременко</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremenko</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еременко Евгений Иванович,</p><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny I. Eremenko,</p><p>13–15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ejer@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-784X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рязанова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryazanova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13–15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-9972</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печковский</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechkovsky</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13–15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6458-6790</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писаренко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisarenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13–15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9366-5647</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13–15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7744-3112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenova</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13–15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-898X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13–15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9362-3949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куличенко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulichenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355035, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13–15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Ставропольский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еременко Е.И., Рязанова А.Г., Печковский Г.А., Писаренко С.В., Ковалев Д.А., Аксенова Л.Ю., Семенова О.В., Куличенко А.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еременко Е.И., Рязанова А.Г., Печковский Г.А., Писаренко С.В., Ковалев Д.А., Аксенова Л.Ю., Семенова О.В., Куличенко А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremenko E.I., Ryazanova A.G., Pechkovsky G.A., Pisarenko S.V., Kovalev D.A., Aksenova L.Y., Semenova O.V., Kulichenko A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2001">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2001</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – характеристика генов и белков споруляции штаммов Bacillus anthracis основных генетических линий.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Анализ геномов проводили in silico, используя геномы: B. anthracis Ames Ancestor в качестве референсного, 47 штаммов B. anthracis из базы данных GenBank NCBI, относящихся к основным генетическим линиям A, B, C, геном штамма CI Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis, 7 штаммов из коллекции ФКУЗ Ставропольский противочумный институт Роспотребнадзора, а также ресурс NCBI Protein Database. Идентификацию полиморфизмов осуществляли в программах BLASTn, BLASTp, MEGA X, MAUVE, Tandem Repeat Finder. Последовательности генов и белков выравнивали в программе MEGA X.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Сравнение полиморфизмов белков и генов споруляции трех основных генетических линий показало, что количество всех форм у штаммов B. anthracis линий B, C и B. cereus biovar anthracis превышало таковые у штаммов линии A в 4,5–10, 6,8–92 и 160–2078 раз соответственно. Бóльшее количество несинонимичных SNP в генах споруляции c изменением аминокислотного состава и функции белков у штаммов B. anthracis основных генетических линий B, С и B. cereus biovar anthracis, чем у штаммов линии A, предполагает их ограниченные адаптационные возможности и может быть одним из объяснений меньшей распространенности по сравнению с линией A.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work was to characterize sporulation genes and proteins in Bacillus anthracis strains of major genetic lineages.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Genome analysis was carried out in silico using the genome of the Ames Ancestor strain as a reference one, 47 B. anthracis strains from the GenBank NCBI database, belonging to the main lineages A, B, C, the genome of the CI strain Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis, 7 strains from the collection of Stavropol Research Anti-Plague Institute of the Rospotrebnadzor, as well as the NCBI Protein Database resource. Identification of polymorphisms was performed in BLASTn, BLASTp, MEGA X, MAUVE, and Tandem Repeat Finder software. Gene and protein sequences were aligned using MEGA X program.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. A comparison of polymorphisms in sporulation proteins and genes of three major genetic lineages has showed that the number of all forms in B. anthracis strains of B, C lineages and Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis exceeds those in strains of lineage A by 4,5–10, 6,8–92 and 160–2078 times, respectively. A larger number of non-synonymous SNPs in sporulation genes with changes in the amino acid composition and function of proteins in B. anthracis strains of the major genetic lines B, C and B. cereus biovar anthracis than in strains of lineage A suggests their limited adaptive capabilities and may be one of the explanations for their lower prevalence as compared to line A.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Bacillus anthracis</kwd><kwd>генетические линии</kwd><kwd>гены и белки прорастания спор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bacillus anthracis</kwd><kwd>genetic lineages</kwd><kwd>genes and proteins of spore germination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rotz L.D., Khan A.S., Lillibridge S.R., Ostroff S.M., Hughes J.M. Public health assessment of potential biological terrorism agents. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2002; 8(2):225–30. 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