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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2024-2-132-139</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2007</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика CTX+ штамма Vibrio cholerae O1, выделенного в 2023 г. из реки Темерник в Ростове-на-Дону</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of Vibrio cholerae O1 CTX+ Strain Isolated from the Temernik River in Rostov-on-Don in 2023</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9216-7777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монахова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakhova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монахова Елена Владимировна, </p><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Monakhova,</p><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">monakhova_ev@antiplague.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6540-2778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кругликов</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruglikov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-3231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Водопьянов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vodop’yanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-2394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснов</surname><given-names>Я. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnov</surname><given-names>Ya. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7575-653X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катышев</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Katyshev</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-7783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарапова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharapova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9866-3579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6003-4283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меньшикова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Men’shikova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5522-9097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4254-3313</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ежова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ezhova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-2221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носков</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Noskov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский противочумный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov-on-Don Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУН «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Монахова Е.В., Кругликов В.Д., Водопьянов А.С., Краснов Я.М., Катышев С.Д., Шарапова Н.А., Алексеева Л.П., Меньшикова Е.А., Евдокимова В.В., Ежова М.И., Носков А.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Монахова Е.В., Кругликов В.Д., Водопьянов А.С., Краснов Я.М., Катышев С.Д., Шарапова Н.А., Алексеева Л.П., Меньшикова Е.А., Евдокимова В.В., Ежова М.И., Носков А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Monakhova E.V., Kruglikov V.D., Vodop’yanov A.S., Krasnov Y.M., Katyshev S.D., Sharapova N.A., Alekseeva L.P., Men’shikova E.A., Evdokimova V.V., Ezhova M.I., Noskov A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2007">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2007</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – определение фено- и генотипических особенностей CTX+ штамма Vibrio cholerae, выделенного в 2023 г. из пробы воды, и сравнительный биоинформационный анализ данных полногеномного секвенирования.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Полногеномное секвенирование выполняли на платформах MiSeq (Illumina) и MinIon (Oxford Nanopore Technologies), гибридную сборку полного генома проводили с использованием алгоритма Trycycler, устранение ошибок сборки – с помощью алгоритма Medaka и программы Pilon. Построение дендрограммы и биоинформационный анализ осуществляли с использованием пакетов SciPy и Graphviz, программ BioEdit, BLASTN, BLASTP, CARD, ICE Genotyper, Vector NTI. Способность к токсинопродукции проверяли с помощью иммуноферментного анализа GM1ИФА.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Выделенный штамм идентифицирован как V. cholerae О1 Огава, чувствительный к большинству антибиотиков. По совокупности генетических свойств он отнесен к первым геновариантам, отличающимся от типовых штаммов Эль Тор только наличием гена ctxB1 классического типа вместо ctxB3 типа Эль Тор. Установлено, что он содержит тандемно дуплицированный профаг СТХ в составе малой хромосомы и тандем из двух копий профага RS1 в составе большой. При этом ген rstR профага СТХ относился к классическому типу, а профага RS1 – к типу Эль Тор. Остальные критерии эпидемической опасности – tcpAelt, rtxA1 и интактный VSP-II – не отличались от прототипов. В геноме штамма обнаружен ICE-элемент VchBan11, содержащий ген устойчивости к триметоприму dfrA1, и фенотипически штамм устойчив к этому антибиотику. В условиях in vitro штамм не продуцировал холерный токсин, как показали результаты ИФА. Возможно, это связано с наличием делеции в регуляторном гене toxR. Штаммы, подобные изоляту 2023 г., относят в основном ко второй волне седьмой пандемии. В настоящее время они практически вытеснены новыми геновариантами, но изредка могут встречаться и даже вызывать заболевания. Поэтому их заносы на территорию России потенциально могут представлять угрозу здоровью населения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work was to determine the pheno- and genotypic features of the aquatic CTX+ strain of Vibrio cholerae isolated in 2023 and a comparative bioinformatic analysis of whole-genome sequencing data.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on MiSeq (Illumina) and MinIon Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platforms; hybrid assembly of the whole genome was carried out using the Trycycler algorithm; assembly errors were eliminated by means of the Medaka algorithm and the Pilon program. Dendrogram construction and bioinformatics analysis were carried out with the help of the scipy and Graphviz packages, BioEdit, BLASTN, BLASTP, CARD, ICE Genotyper, and Vector NTI programs. The ability to produce cholera toxin was tested using the GM1ELISA.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The isolated strain was identified as V. cholerae O1 Ogawa, sensitive to most antibiotics. Based on the totality of genetic properties, it was classified as the first genovariant, distinct from the typical El Tor strains only by the presence of ctxB1 gene of classical type instead of ctxB3 of the El Tor type. It has been established that it contains a tandemly duplicated CTX prophage on the small chromosome and a tandem of two copies of RS1 prophage on the large chromosome. Thereat, the rstR gene of the CTX prophage belonged to the classical type, and the RS1 prophage – to the El Tor type. The remaining criteria of epidemic hazard – tcpAelt, rtxA1 and intact VSP-II did not differ from the prototypes. The genome of the strain carries the ICE element VchBan11, which contains the trimethoprim resistance gene dfrA1, and phenotypically the strain is resistant to this antibiotic. Under in vitro conditions, the strain did not produce cholera toxin, as shown by ELISA results. This may be due to the presence of a deletion within the toxR regulatory gene. Strains similar to the 2023 isolate are mainly attributed to the second wave of the seventh pandemic. Currently, they are almost replaced by new genovariants, but occasionally can emerge and even cause diseases. Therefore, their importation into Russian territory potentially pose a threat to public health.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Vibrio cholerae</kwd><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>гибридная сборка</kwd><kwd>биоинформационный анализ</kwd><kwd>профаг CTX</kwd><kwd>профаг RS1</kwd><kwd>ICE-элемент</kwd><kwd>GM1ИФ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Vibrio cholerae</kwd><kwd>whole genome sequencing</kwd><kwd>hybrid assembly</kwd><kwd>bioinformatics analysis</kwd><kwd>CTX prophage</kwd><kwd>RS1 prophage</kwd><kwd>ICE element</kwd><kwd>GM1ELISA assay</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ежова М.И., Левченко Д.А., Архангельская И.В., Кругликов В.Д., Непомнящая Н.Б. Особенности биологических свойств Vibrio cholerae, изолированных в процессе мониторинга водных объектов Ростова-на-Дону с 1989 по 2018 год. 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