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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2024-2-148-156</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2009</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внутривидовая дифференциация штаммов Francisella tularensis с помощью молекулярно-генетических методов. Комплексный подход</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Intraspecific Differentiation of Francisella tularensis Strains Using Molecular-Genetic Methods. Complex Approach</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0954-5683</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осина Наталия Александровна, </p><p> 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Osina,</p><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-2624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситмбетов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitmbetov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2405-2684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булгакова</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulgakova</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-0022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5487-2240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чекмарева</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chekmareva</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-3910</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сазанова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sazanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1026-2680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сеничкина</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Senichkina</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1332-9580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляшова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyashova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-2760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полунина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polunina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-2394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснов</surname><given-names>Я. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnov</surname><given-names>Ya. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Девдариани</surname><given-names>З. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Devdariani</surname><given-names>Z. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1143-4069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербакова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФКУН «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>148</fpage><lpage>156</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Осина Н.А., Ситмбетов Д.А., Морозов О.А., Булгакова Е.Г., Осин А.В., Чекмарева С.С., Сазанова Е.В., Сеничкина А.М., Ляшова О.Ю., Полунина Т.А., Краснов Я.М., Девдариани З.Л., Щербакова С.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осина Н.А., Ситмбетов Д.А., Морозов О.А., Булгакова Е.Г., Осин А.В., Чекмарева С.С., Сазанова Е.В., Сеничкина А.М., Ляшова О.Ю., Полунина Т.А., Краснов Я.М., Девдариани З.Л., Щербакова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osina N.A., Sitmbetov D.A., Morozov O.A., Bulgakova E.G., Osin A.V., Chekmareva S.S., Sazanova E.V., Senichkina A.M., Lyashova O.Y., Polunina T.A., Krasnov Y.M., Devdariani Z.L., Shcherbakova S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2009">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2009</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – разработка алгоритма внутривидовой дифференциации штаммов возбудителя туляремии с использованием комплекса подходов, основанных на амплификационных и секвенационных технологиях.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе использовали 97 штаммов Francisella tularensis различных подвидов, биоваров и субпопуляций. Внутривидовую принадлежность штаммов возбудителя туляремии осуществляли с использованием системы «F. tularensis-4c», анализа вариабельности области дифференциации RD1, гена sdhA, дискодиффузионным методом с использованием дисков с эритромицином. Фрагментное секвенирование по Сэнгеру осуществляли на генетическом анализаторе 3500 XL (Applied Biosystems, США) с учетом рекомендаций производителя. Оценку гомологии последовательностей – по алгоритму BLAST, используя базу данных GenBank NCBI, программы MEGA11 v11.0.13 и Unipro UGENE v50.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлены подвидо- и биовароспецифичные мутации в гене 23S рРНК. Определены перспективные для изучения участки данного гена с помощью фрагментного секвенирования. Предложена комплексная схема внутривидовой дифференциации штаммов туляремийного микроба, где на первом этапе проводится определение подвидовой принадлежности и биовара japonica, а на втором – верификация полученных результатов на основании определения мутаций в гене 23S рРНК. Эффективность предложенного комплексного подхода подтверждена при исследовании 97 коллекционных штаммов возбудителя туляремии. Проведенные исследования позволяют осуществить быструю идентификацию штаммов разных подвидов туляремийного микроба и верифицировать их таксономическую принадлежность с помощью молекулярно-генетических методов, дополняют данные о циркуляции различных подвидов, биоваров и субпопуляций патогена на территории Европы, Азии и других регионов мира.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to develop an algorithm for intraspecific differentiation of tularemia agent strains using a set of approaches based on amplification and sequencing technologies.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 97 strains of Francisella tularensis of various subspecies, biovars and subpopulations from the State Collection of Pathogenic Bacteria of the Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe” were used in the work. The intraspecific identification of tularemia agent strains was carried out using the “F. tularensis-4c” system; analysis of the variability of the RD1 differentiation region, the sdhA gene, by applying the disk diffusion method using disks with erythromycin. Fragment Sanger sequencing was performed on a 3500 XL genetic analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA) taking into account the manufacturer’s recommendations. Sequence homology assessment was conducted using the BLAST algorithm, the GenBank NCBI database, MEGA11 v11.0.13 and Unipro UGENE v50.0 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Subspecies- and biovarspecific mutations have been detected in the 23S rRNA gene. Promising regions of this gene for further investigation have been identified using fragment sequencing. A comprehensive scheme for intraspecific differentiation of tularemia microbe strains has been put forward, where at the first stage the subspecies and biovar japonica are determined, and at the second stage, the results are verified based on the determination of mutations in the 23S rRNA gene. The effectiveness of the proposed integrated approach has been confirmed in a study of 97 collection strains of tularemia agent. The conducted research allows for rapid identification of tularemia agent strains of different subspecies and verification of their taxonomic appurtenance using molecular-genetic methods, expanding data on the circulation of various subspecies, biovars and subpopulations of the pathogen in Europe, Asia and other regions of the world.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутривидовая дифференциация</kwd><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>биовары</kwd><kwd>подвиды</kwd><kwd>алгоритм</kwd><kwd>комплексный подход</kwd><kwd>амплификационные и секвенационные технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intraspecific differentiation</kwd><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>biovars</kwd><kwd>subspecies</kwd><kwd>algorithm</kwd><kwd>integrated approach</kwd><kwd>amplification and sequencing technologies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Олсуфьев Н.Г. 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