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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2024-4-88-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2083</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Популяционный иммунитет к гриппу и опасность появления вируса с пандемическим потенциалом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Population Immunity to Influenza and the Risk of Emergence of a Pandemic Virus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-7688</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильичева</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyicheva</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильичева Татьяна Николаевна</p><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Ilyicheva</p><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilicheva_tn@vector.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3191-1360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8854-0287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болдырев</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boldyrev</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3214-2794</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даниленко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosova</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1339-6732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марченко</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marchenko</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7009-0748</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжиков</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhikov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильичева Т.Н., Иванова К.И., Болдырев Н.Д., Даниленко А.В., Моисеева А.А., Колосова Н.П., Марченко В.Ю., Рыжиков А.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильичева Т.Н., Иванова К.И., Болдырев Н.Д., Даниленко А.В., Моисеева А.А., Колосова Н.П., Марченко В.Ю., Рыжиков А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilyicheva T.N., Ivanova K.I., Boldyrev N.D., Danilenko A.V., Moiseeva A.A., Kolosova N.P., Marchenko V.Y., Ryzhikov A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2083">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2083</self-uri><abstract><p>Популяционный иммунитет является определяющим фактором в отношении распространения различных вариантов вируса гриппа, поэтому имеет большое значение для прогнозирования эпидемий, характеристики эпидемического процесса и оценки эффективности вакцинальных кампаний. Целью работы явился мониторинг маркеров сезонных вирусов гриппа и вирусов гриппа птиц в сыворотках крови жителей Российской Федерации в 2023–2024 гг. Материалы и методы. Образцы сывороток крови здоровых доноров собраны в Сибирском федеральном округе (СФО) Российской Федерации в октябре – ноябре 2023 г. Кроме того, в реакции торможения гемагглютинации (РТГА) и вируснейтрализации исследованы сыворотки крови людей, имевших контакт с больной и/или погибшей птицей, и жителей регионов, расположенных на путях миграции дикой водоплавающей птицы. Результаты и обсуждение. Показано, что накануне эпидемического сезона 2023/2024 гг. в СФО популяционный иммунитет к гриппу был на уровне, рекомендованном Всемирной организацией здравоохранения, – не менее 50 % иммунного населения. Однако среди лиц, имевших контакт с больной и/или погибшей птицей, гуморальный иммунитет к сезонному гриппу был существенно ниже – от 5 до 30 % серопозитивных в зависимости от региона. В РТГА с вирусами гриппа птиц A/H5Nx и A/H9N2 положительными были 0 и 3,7 % образцов соответственно. Риск возникновения пандемического вируса гриппа можно снизить путем 75–100%-й вакцинации против сезонного гриппа и контроля уровня антител у работников птицефабрик и других организаций, непосредственно связанных с разведением и переработкой птицы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Population immunity is a determining factor in relation to the spread of various variants of the influenza virus, and therefore is of great importance for predicting epidemics, characterizing the epidemic process and assessing the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. The aim of the work was to monitor markers of seasonal influenza viruses and avian influenza viruses in the blood serum of residents of the Russian Federation in 2023–2024. Materials and methods. Blood serum samples from healthy donors were collected in the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation in October-November 2023. In addition, blood sera from people who had had contact with sick and/or dead birds and from residents of regions located on migration routes of wild waterfowl were studied in HI-test (hemagglutination inhibition) and virus neutralization. Results and discussion. It is shown that ahead of the epidemic season of 2023/2024, population immunity to influenza in the Siberian Federal District was at the level recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) – at least 50 % of the immune population. However, among individuals who had had contact with sick and/or dead birds, humoral immunity to seasonal influenza was significantly lower – from 5 % to 30 % seropositive, depending on the region. HI-test on avian influenza viruses A/H5Nx and A/H9N2 has revealed 0 and 3.7 % of positive samples, respectively. The risk of a pandemic influenza virus emergence can be reduced by 75–100 % vaccination against seasonal influenza and monitoring antibody levels in poultry farm workers and employees of other organizations directly involved in poultry breeding and processing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>надзор за вирусами гриппа птиц</kwd><kwd>сыворотки крови людей</kwd><kwd>антитела к вирусам зоонозного гриппа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>surveillance of avian influenza viruses</kwd><kwd>human blood sera</kwd><kwd>antibodies to zoonotic influenza viruse</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось в рамках выполнения государственного задания Роспотребнадзора.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted as part of the implementation of a state assignment from the Rospotrebnadzor.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fukuyama S., Kawaoka Y. 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