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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2025-1-54-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы к бактериофаготерапии инфекционных болезней</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Approaches to Bacteriophage Therapy of Infectious Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-7724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельченко</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omel’chenko</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plague@aaanet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7068-4071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>I. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0762-3628</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаевская</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaevskaya</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9359-3997</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyurina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-4244</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4770-5994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Труфанова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trufanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский противочумный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov-on-Don Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Омельченко Н.Д., Иванова И.А., Гаевская Н.Е., Тюрина А.В., Филиппенко А.В., Труфанова А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Омельченко Н.Д., Иванова И.А., Гаевская Н.Е., Тюрина А.В., Филиппенко А.В., Труфанова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Omel’chenko N.D., Ivanova I.А., Gaevskaya N.E., Tyurina A.V., Filippenko A.V., Trufanova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2116">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2116</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре проанализированы работы отечественных и зарубежных авторов, касающиеся применения бактериофагов в качестве альтернативного способа терапии и профилактики развития воспалительного процесса при бактериальных инфекциях. Приведены исторические сведения о фаговой терапии. Рассмотрены свойства умеренных и вирулентных бактериофагов, основные механизмы взаимодействия препаратов на основе бактериофагов с бактериальной клеткой. Отмечены характерные отличия взаимодействия «бактериофаг – бактерия» от воздействия антибиотиков на микроорганизмы. Представлены сведения об особенностях поверхностного связывания фагов с микроорганизмами, антифаговых системах защиты бактерий, а также о молекулярных и генетических антибактериальных механизмах противодействия у фагов. Приведены данные экспериментальных и клинических исследований антифагового клеточного и гуморального иммунитета и влияния фагов на продукцию цитокинов. Обзор освещает современное состояние вопроса лечебно-профилактической значимости бактериофагов в отношении широкого спектра бактериальных инфекций. Особое внимание уделено исследованиям, касающимся изучения применения бактериофагов для профилактики и терапии болезней, вызванных особо опасными микроорганизмами. Представлены сведения об использовании фаготерапии в качестве альтернативного антибиотикам средства борьбы с бактериальной инфекцией как в виде самостоятельного способа профилактики и лечения, так и в комплексе с антибиотикотерапией. Приведены данные о разнообразных механизмах синергии препаратов бактериофагов и антибиотиков. В обзор включены литературные источники, описывающие возникновение патологических реакций на введение бактериофагов, а также примеры, убедительно доказывающие эффективность стратегии комплексного подхода с включением фагов в схемы борьбы с инфекционными болезнями, которая в будущем должна занять стабильную нишу. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The literature review includes works by domestic and foreign authors concerning the use of bacteriophages as an alternative method of therapy and prevention of the development of the inflammatory process in case of bacterial infections. The paper provides historical information about phage therapy. The properties of moderate and virulent bacteriophages, the main mechanisms of interaction of bacteriophage-based preparations with a bacterial cell are considered. Special attention is paid to the characteristic differences between the bacteriophage–bacterium interaction and the effects of antibiotics on microorganisms. The review contains information about the features of the surface binding of phages to microorganisms, anti-phage bacterial protection systems, as well as about the molecular and genetic antibacterial mechanisms of phage counteraction. The data on experimental and clinical studies of anti-phage cellular and humoral immunity and the effect of phages on cytokine production are presented. The literature review highlights the current state of the issue of the therapeutic and prophylactic significance of bacteriophages in relation to a wide range of bacterial infections. Special attention is paid to the literature concerning the study of information on the use of bacteriophages for the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by particularly dangerous microorganisms. The review contains information on the use of phage therapy as an alternative to antibiotics method to combat bacterial infection, both as an independent means of prevention and treatment, and in combination with antibiotic therapy. The data on the various mechanisms of synergy of bacteriophage preparations and antibiotics are presented. The review includes literature sources describing the occurrence of pathological reactions to the introduction of bacteriophages, as well as examples convincingly proving the effectiveness of an integrated approach strategy with the inclusion of phages in infectious disease control schemes, which should occupy a certain niche in the future.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактериофаг</kwd><kwd>бактериофаготерапия</kwd><kwd>антифаговый иммунитет</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>бактериальные инфекции</kwd><kwd>синергия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bacteriophage</kwd><kwd>bacteriophage therapy</kwd><kwd>anti-phage immunity</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>bacterial infections</kwd><kwd>synergy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Летаров А.В. История ранних исследований бактериофагов и рождение основных концепций вирусологии. 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