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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2025-1-84-95</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2119</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лихорадка Западного Нила в Российской Федерации в 2024 г., прогноз на 2025 г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>West Nile Fever in the Russian Federation in 2024, Forecast for 2025</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9368-6165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путинцева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putintseva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Удовиченко</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Udovichenko</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@vnipchi.rospotrebnadzor.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6940-0350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2076-5276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородай</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boroday</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4086-0327</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колоскова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koloskova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9342-7211</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-6686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарева</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondareva</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-4657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топорков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toporkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Волгоградский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Путинцева Е.В., Удовиченко С.К., Никитин Д.Н., Бородай Н.В., Колоскова А.Ю., Антонов А.С., Бондарева О.С., Топорков А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Путинцева Е.В., Удовиченко С.К., Никитин Д.Н., Бородай Н.В., Колоскова А.Ю., Антонов А.С., Бондарева О.С., Топорков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Putintseva E.V., Udovichenko S.K., Nikitin D.N., Boroday N.V., Koloskova A.Y., Antonov A.S., Bondareva O.S., Toporkov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2119">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2119</self-uri><abstract><p>Эпидемиологическая ситуация по лихорадке Западного Нила (ЛЗН) в Российской Федерации в 2024 г. характеризовалась ростом заболеваемости (0,30 случая на 100 тыс. населения) в 2,6 раза относительно среднемноголетнего значения (0,11) и в 2,1 раза по сравнению с показателем 2023 г. (0,14). Случаи заболевания зарегистрированы на территории 38 субъектов Российской Федерации, что является самым высоким значением за весь период наблюдения. Из числа административных территорий, где лабораторно подтверждены случаи заболевания в 2024 г., в 9 субъектах местные случаи ЛЗН официально зарегистрированы впервые. Среди других особенностей сезона 2024 г. следует отметить рост летальности, превысивший среднемноголетний показатель по России (5,7 и 3,1 % соответственно), а также раннее начало регистрации первых местных случаев заражения вирусом Западного Нила (ВЗН). Структура заболеваемости и клинического течения ЛЗН в 2024 г. не имела существенных отличий по сравнению со среднемноголетними значениями и 2023 г. Активное выявление ЛЗН в группах пациентов с лихорадкой и другими сходными проявлениями болезни в 2024 г. организовано в 62 субъектах. Повышение эффективности мониторинга заболеваемости наблюдалось в отдельных субъектах Южного, Северо-Кавказского и Приволжского федеральных округов. Изучение иммунной прослойки к ВЗН среди здорового населения в 2024 г. проведено в 69 субъектах России. Мониторинг инфицированности носителей и переносчиков ВЗН осуществлялся в 79 субъектах, активность эпизоотического процесса установлена на 19 административных территориях. В 2024 г. в европейской части России преимущественно циркулировал ВЗН 2-го генотипа, популяция которого характеризуется генетической гетерогенностью. Выявлены единичные находки ВЗН 1-го генотипа (Ростовская область) и 4-го генотипа (Волгоградская область). Разработан количественный прогноз развития эпидемиологической ситуации по ЛЗН для субъектов с наиболее длительной циркуляцией ВЗН. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The epidemiological situation on West Nile fever (WNF) in the Russian Federation in 2024 was characterized by an increase in the morbidity rate (0.30 cases per 100 thousand population) by 2.6 times compared to the long-term annual average value (0.11) and by 2.1 times compared to the 2023 indicator (0.14). Cases of the disease were registered in 38 constituent entities of Russia, which is the highest value for the entire observation period. Of the administrative territories, where cases of the disease were laboratory-confirmed in 2024, local cases of WNF were officially registered for the first time in 9 constituent entities. Other features of the 2024 season include an increase in the case fatality rate, which exceeded the long-term average in Russia (5.7 % and 3.1 %, respectively), as well as the early start of registration of the first local cases of West Nile virus (WNV) infection. The incidence and clinical course structure of WNF in 2024 did not differ significantly compared to the average long-term values and those in 2023. Active detection of WNF in groups of patients with fever and other similar manifestations of the disease was organized in 62 constituent entities in 2024. Increased efficiency of morbidity monitoring was observed in certain entities of the Southern, North Caucasian and Volga Federal Districts. The study of the cohort that is immune to WNV among the healthy population in 2024 was conducted in 69 entities of Russia. Monitoring of infection of WNV hosts and vectors was carried out in 79 constituent entities; the activity of the epizootic process was established in 19 administrative territories. In 2024, WNV lineage 2, the population of which is characterized by genetic heterogeneity, predominantly circulated in the European part of Russia. Single findings of WNV lineage 1 (Rostov Region) and lineage 4 (Volgograd Region) were detected. A quantitative forecast of the development of the epidemiological situation on WNF was developed for entities with the sustained circulation of WNV.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лихорадка Западного Нила</kwd><kwd>вирус Западного Нила</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологическая ситуация</kwd><kwd>структура заболеваемости</kwd><kwd>мониторинг за возбудителем</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>West Nile fever</kwd><kwd>West Nile virus</kwd><kwd>epidemiological situation</kwd><kwd>incidence structure</kwd><kwd>monitoring over the causative agent</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Current Year Data (2024). West Nile Virus. CDC, USA. [Электронный ресурс]. 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