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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2025-1-96-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2120</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт работы специалистов Роспотребнадзора во время эпидемии оспы обезьян в странах Восточной и Центральной Африки в 2024 г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Operational Experience of the Rospotrebnadzor Specialists during the Epidemic of Mpox in Eastern and Central Africa in 2024</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-711X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшеничная</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshenichnaya</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, 3а; 125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3a, Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123;2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">crie@pcr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6474-3696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Найденова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naidenova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7857-6822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карташов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartashov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630559, Новосибирская обл., р.п. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kol’tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vector@vector.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8703-7671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гопаца</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gopatsa</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, 3а; 125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1;125310, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 63, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3a, Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123;2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993;Bld. 2, 63, Volokolamskoe Highway, Moscow, 125310</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">crie@pcr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4849-3866</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-985X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1119-6267</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутырев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutyrev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, 3а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3a, Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">crie@pcr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1797-3496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родникова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodnikova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125310, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 63, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 2, 63, Volokolamskoe Highway, Moscow, 125310</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смоленский</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolensky</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127994, Москва, Вадковский пер., 18, стр. 5 и 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 5 and 7, 18, Vadkovsky Lane, Moscow, 127994</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ntirandekura</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ntirandekura</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бужумбура</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bujumbura</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Nsawotebbe</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nsawotebbe</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кампала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kampala</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9752-3750</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Nakintu</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nakintu</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кампала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kampala</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Gahamanyi</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gahamanyi</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кигали</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kigali</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Mobousse Misse</surname><given-names>J.-C.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mobousse Misse</surname><given-names>J.-C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Браззавиль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Brazzaville</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-5307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1;127994, Москва, Вадковский пер., 18, стр. 5 и 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993;Bld. 5 and 7, 18, Vadkovsky Lane, Moscow, 127994</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-12"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУН «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ГБУЗ «Инфекционная клиническая больница № 1 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education;&#13;
Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Moscow City Department of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Инфекционная клиническая больница № 1 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Moscow City Department of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство общественного здравоохранения и борьбы со СПИД Республики Бурунди</institution><country>Бурунди</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Public Health and AIDS Control of the Republic of Burundi</institution><country>Burundi</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральная лаборатория общественного здравоохранения Министерства здравоохранения Республики Уганда</institution><country>Уганда</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Laboratory of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uganda</institution><country>Uganda</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Биомедицинский центр Руанды</institution><country>Руанда</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rwanda Biomedical Centre</institution><country>Rwanda</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-11"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство здравоохранения и народонаселения Республики Конго</institution><country>Конго</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Health and Population of the Republic of the Congo</institution><country>Congo</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-12"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education;&#13;
Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing;&#13;
Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пшеничная Н.Ю., Найденова Е.В., Карташов М.Ю., Гопаца Г.В., Иванова А.В., Дмитриева Л.Н., Кутырев И.В., Родникова Е.М., Смоленский В.Ю., Ntirandekura C., Nsawotebbe A., Nakintu V., Gahamanyi N., Mobousse Misse J., Попова А.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пшеничная Н.Ю., Найденова Е.В., Карташов М.Ю., Гопаца Г.В., Иванова А.В., Дмитриева Л.Н., Кутырев И.В., Родникова Е.М., Смоленский В.Ю., Ntirandekura C., Nsawotebbe A., Nakintu V., Gahamanyi N., Mobousse Misse J., Попова А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pshenichnaya N.Y., Naidenova E.V., Kartashov M.Y., Gopatsa G.V., Ivanova A.V., Dmitrieva L.N., Kutyrev I.V., Rodnikova E.M., Smolensky V.Y., Ntirandekura C., Nsawotebbe A., Nakintu V., Gahamanyi N., Mobousse Misse J., Popova A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2120">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2120</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты работы российских и африканских специалистов по изучению эпидемиологических и клинических особенностей оспы обезьян в некоторых странах Восточной (республики Руанда, Уганда, Бурунди) и Центральной (Республика Конго) Африки осенью 2024 г. Анализ полученных эпидемиологических данных в рассматриваемых странах показал, что в большинстве случаев оспа обезьян зарегистрирована у пациентов в возрасте до 18 лет. Заболевание в равной степени регистрировалось как у мужчин, так и у женщин. Клиническое течение болезни представлено в основном легкими и среднетяжелыми формами. Тяжелые случаи заболевания отмечены только среди пациентов с иммуносупрессией, нелеченой ВИЧ-инфекцией или другими соматическими и/или инфекционными патологиями, а также у детей до двух лет. У беременных пациенток также наблюдалась легкая форма оспы обезьян. Летальных случаев не отмечено. Одновременно с оспой обезьян в республиках Бурунди и Уганда наблюдалось увеличение случаев болезни, вызванной вирусом Varicella Zoster. Указанное обстоятельство нередко приводило к учету пациентов с данной инфекцией в качестве подозрительных, но не подтвержденных случаев оспы обезьян. В эту категорию также попадали лица с герпетической инфекцией, вызванной Herpes simplex virus 1, 2. Специалистами Роспотребнадзора оказана консультативная и практическая помощь африканским коллегам. В каждую из стран переданы наборы реагентов российского производства для выявления ДНК вируса оспы обезьян методом ПЦР. По итогам совместной работы определен ряд актуальных направлений по изучению циркуляции возбудителя данной инфекционной болезни, клинических и эпидемиологических особенностей заболевания в странах Восточной и Центральной Африки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents the results of work of the Russian and African experts on the study of the epidemiological and clinical features of mpox in some countries of Eastern (Republic of Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi) and Central (Republic of the Congo) Africa in the fall of 2024. An analysis of the epidemiological data obtained in the countries under consideration showed that in most cases, mpox was reported in patients of the pediatric age group. The disease was equally registered in both men and women. The clinical course of the disease was represented by mild and moderate severe forms. Severe cases of the disease have been reported only among patients with immunosuppression, untreated HIV infection or other somatic and/or infectious pathologies, as well as in children under 2 years of age. Pregnant patients also had a mild form of mpox. No deaths were reported. Monkey pox was accompanied with a simultaneous increase in cases of Varicella Zoster virus disease in the Republics of Burundi and Uganda. This circumstance often led to the registration of patients with that infection as suspected but unconfirmed cases of mpox. People with herpetic manifestations also fell into this category. Rospotrebnadzor specialists provided consulting and practical assistance to the African colleagues. Russian-made reagent kits for detecting DNA of the monkeypox virus using PCR were transferred to each country. Based on the results of the joint work, a number of relevant areas for studying the circulation of the causative agent of this infectious disease, the clinical and epidemiological features of it in the countries of East and Central Africa have been identified.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оспа обезьян</kwd><kwd>Восточная Африка</kwd><kwd>Центральная Африка</kwd><kwd>вирус оспы обезьян</kwd><kwd>генетические варианты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mpox</kwd><kwd>epidemic</kwd><kwd>East Africa</kwd><kwd>Central Africa</kwd><kwd>monkeypox virus</kwd><kwd>genetic variants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO. 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