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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2025-2-95-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2169</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Филогенетические связи штамма B. mallei, вызвавшего в 2023 г. вспышку сапа лошадей в Забайкальском крае</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phylogenetic Relationships of the B. mallei Strain that Caused the 2023 Equine Glanders Outbreak in the Trans-Baikal Territory</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7808-7658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zib279@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-5177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чирсков</surname><given-names>П. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chirskov</surname><given-names>P. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8928-2152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тетерятникова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teteryatnikova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-4657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топорков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toporkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>400131, Волгоград, ул. Голубинская, 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Волгоградский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd Plague Control Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Б., Чирсков П.Р., Тетерятникова Н.Н., Топорков А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Б., Чирсков П.Р., Тетерятникова Н.Н., Топорков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.B., Chirskov P.R., Teteryatnikova N.N., Toporkov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2169">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2169</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – определение филогеографических и фенотипических характеристик штамма Burkholderia mallei, вызвавшего в 2023 г. вспышку сапа лошадей на территории Забайкальского края. Материалы и методы. Культуру B. mallei из секционного материала выделяли согласно МУ 4.2.3744-22. Фенотипические характеристики исследовали бактериологически и с использованием системы VITEK®2 GN. Молекулярно-генетический анализ генома B. mallei 16050 в сравнении с 103 геномами из публичных баз данных проводили с использованием ресурсов PubMLST, NGphylogeny и iTOL v6. Результаты и обсуждение. Выделенные от сапной лошади из Читы штаммы B. mallei 16050 и 15747, идентифицированные методом ПЦР, отличались по морфологическим характеристикам, но имели идентичные атипичные биохимические профили, определившие их ошибочную идентификацию системой Vitek 2 (GN) как Sphingomonas paucimobillis. Анализ шотган полногеномных последовательностей подтвердил идентичность этих штаммов, последующее исследование проводили с использованием сиквенса штамма B. mallei 16050, имеющего более высокое качество сборки. Филогенетический анализ на основании результатов cgMLST методом максимального правдоподобия показал вхождение штамма B. mallei 16050 в отдельный кластер (бутстреп 91 %). В ближайший кластер (бутстреп 100 %) вошли пять штаммов, три из которых (В-120, Ц-5 и Ц-4) имеют достоверно монгольское происхождение, для еще двух (Z-12 и 10230) высокое сходство с монгольскими штаммами показано в настоящей работе. Выявлено, что 87 локусов штамма 16050 имели новые аллели, что может послужить в качестве маркера при проведении геномного надзора и расследования заносных случаев сапа. Полученные данные позволяют с высокой долей вероятности предположить, что штамм B. mallei, вызвавший в 2023 г. вспышку сапа лошадей в г. Чите, имеет монгольское происхождение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to determine the phylogeographic and phenotypic characteristics of the Burkholderia mallei that caused an outbreak of equine glanders in the Trans-Baikal Territory in 2023. Materials and methods. The B. mallei culture was isolated from section material according to Methodological Regulations 4.2.3744-22. Phenotypic characteristics were investigated bacteriologically and using the VITEK®2 GN. Analysis of the B. mallei genomes from public databases was performed using the PubMLST, NGphylogeny, and iTOL v6 resources. Results and discussion. Strains of B. mallei 16050 and 15747, isolated from the horse affected by glanders, identified using PCR, differed in morphological features, but had identical atypical biochemical profiles which lead to misidentification by VITEK®2 GN system as Sphingomonas paucimobillis. Shotgun analysis of the whole genome sequences confirmed the identity of those strains; a subsequent study was performed using a higher quality sequence of B. mallei strain 16050. Phylogenetic analysis based on the results of cgMLST showed the inclusion of the strain B. mallei 16050 in a separate cluster, grouped near the cluster of 5 strains, three of which (B-120, Ц-5, Ц-4) are reliably of Mongolian origin, the other two strains (Z-12 and 10230) have high similarity to Mongolian strains which is demonstrated in the current work. It has been revealed that 87 loci of the strain 16050 have new alleles, which can serve as a marker in genomic surveillance and investigation of imported cases of glanders. The data obtained allow us to assume with a high degree of probability that the outbreak of equine glanders in Chita in 2023 was caused by a strain of Mongolian origin.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>B. mallei</kwd><kwd>сап</kwd><kwd>cgMLST</kwd><kwd>геномный надзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>B. mallei</kwd><kwd>glanders</kwd><kwd>cgMLST</kwd><kwd>genomic surveillance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dvorak G.D., Spickler A.R. Glanders. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2008; 233(4):570–7. DOI: 10.2460/javma.233.4.570.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dvorak G.D., Spickler A.R. Glanders. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2008; 233(4):570–7. 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