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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2025-3-154-159</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2219</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетическая гетерогенность штаммов Francisella tularensis subspecies mediasiatica</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic Heterogeneity of Francisella tularensis Subspecies mediasiatica Strains</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1835-1496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sorokin_vm@antiplague.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8287-4294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлович</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlovich</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4091-649X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цимбалистова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsimbalistova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-9276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аронова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aronova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-3231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Водопьянов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vodop’yanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7178-8021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писанов</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisanov</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М. Горького, 117/40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117/40, M. Gor’kogo St., Rostov-on-Don, 344002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский противочумный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov-on-Don Research Anti-Plague Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>154</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сорокин В.М., Павлович Н.В., Цимбалистова М.В., Аронова Н.В., Водопьянов А.С., Писанов Р.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сорокин В.М., Павлович Н.В., Цимбалистова М.В., Аронова Н.В., Водопьянов А.С., Писанов Р.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sorokin V.M., Pavlovich N.V., Tsimbalistova M.V., Aronova N.V., Vodop’yanov A.S., Pisanov R.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2219">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2219</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – сравнительный филогенетический анализ штаммов Francisella tularensis subsp. mediasiatica, изолированных на территориях современных республик Казахстан и Узбекистан, Алтайского края и Республики Алтай Российской Федерации в период с 1960 по 2024 г. Материалы и методы. Использовали 77 штаммов F. tularensis, изолированных в период с 1960 по 2024 г. на территориях современных республик Казахстан и Узбекистан, Алтайского края и Республики Алтай Российской Федерации. Для определения подвида применяли метод INDEL-типирования. VNTR-генотипирование проводили по пяти локусам. Выявление клональных комплексов осуществляли методом MST. Результаты и обсуждение. Сравнительный анализ VNTRгенотипов 42 штаммов F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica, циркулирующих в природных очагах Алтая с 2011 по 2024 г., позволил выявить три клональных комплекса (СС1 – СС3), представленных соответственно 13, 14 и 7 индивидуальными генотипами. Штаммы (27) «казахстанской» популяции штаммов F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica представлены отдельным клональным комплексом СС4. Впервые установлено, что «алтайская» популяция штаммов F. tularensis подвида mediasiatica представлена тремя клональными комплексами СС1 – СС3. На одних и тех же территориях Алтайского региона в разное время могут циркулировать штаммы различных клональных комплексов. Отмечено высокое генетическое разнообразие «алтайской» популяции штаммов среднеазиатского подвида (индекс разнообразия Нея DI = 0,991). Впервые проведен сравнительный филогенетический анализ «казахстанской» и «алтайской» популяций возбудителя туляремии среднеазиатского подвида. Показано, что «казахстанская» популяция образует отдельный клональный комплекс СС4 и связана с «алтайскими» клональными комплексами через разные клоны. Результаты генотипирования указывают на возможное происхождение «алтайской» популяции штаммов подвида mediasiatica.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to conduct comparative phylogenetic analysis of Francisella tularensis subsp. mediasiatica strains isolated in different territories of contemporary Republics of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Altai Territory, and the Altai Republic in the period between 1960 and 2024. Materials and methods. We used 77 F. tularensis strains isolated in the territories of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Altai Territory and the Altai Republic of the Russian Federation in the period from 1960 to 2024. To determine the subspecies, the INDEL typing method was used. VNTR genotyping was carried out at 5 loci. Identification of clonal complexes was carried out using the MST method. Results and discussion. Comparative analysis of VNTR genotypes of 42 F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica strains circulating in natural foci of Altai between 2011 and 2024 made it possible to identify three clonal complexes (CC1-CC3), represented by 13, 14 and 7 individual genotypes, respectively. Strains of the “Kazakhstan” population of F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica are represented by a separate clonal complex CC4. It has been established for the first time that the “Altai” population of F. tularensis strains of the subspecies mediasiatica is represented by three clonal complexes CC1-CC3. In the same territories of the Altai region, strains of different clonal complexes can circulate at different times. High genetic diversity of the Altai population subsp. mediasiatica was noted (Nei diversity index DI = 0.991). For the first time, a comparable phylogenetic analysis of the “Kazakhstan” and “Altai” populations of the causative agent of tularemia subsp. mediasiatica has been carried out. It is shown that the “Kazakhstan” population forms a separate clonal complex CC4 and it is connected with the Altai clonal complexes through different clones. The results of genotyping indicate the possible origin of the “Altai” population of mediasiatica subspecies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>subsp. mediasiatica</kwd><kwd>VNTR</kwd><kwd>клональный комплекс</kwd><kwd>филогенетический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>subsp. mediasiatica</kwd><kwd>VNTR</kwd><kwd>clonal complex</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keim P., Johansson A., Wagner D.M. Molecular epidemiology, evolution, and ecology of Francisella. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2007; 1105:30–66. 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