The paper considers the activities of the sanitary-epidemiological service of the Saratov Region during the Great Patriotic War. The relevance of this work stems from the need to understand the historical experience of anti-epidemic protection of the population under extreme wartime conditions and the role of rearward regions in ensuring the country’s sanitary security.

The aim of this work was to analyze the key areas, methods, and results of operation of the sanitary-epidemiological service of the Saratov Region during the war and to assess its contribution to strengthening the home front and preventing epidemics. The work of the sanitary and epidemiological service became a crucial factor in the stability of the rear areas: it preserved the region’s labor potential, ensured the smooth operation of enterprises, and prevented the threat of epidemics among the civilian population and military personnel. The historical experience of the service demonstrates the importance of sanitary-epidemiological measures as an integral part of national security in crisis situations.