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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2026-1-129-136</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2292</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние изменения климата на природные очаги чумы и туляремии в Армении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Impact of Climate Change on Natural Foci of Plague and Tularemia in Armenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6435-0005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манучарян</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manucharyan</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Манучарян Арсен</p><p>0025, Ереван, ул. Мхитара Гераци, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arsen Manucharyan</p><p>12, Mkhitar Heratsi St., Yerevan, 0025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arsen.manucharyan.1976@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-8077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелик-Андреасян</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melik-Andreasyan</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>0025, Ереван, ул. Мхитара Гераци, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>12, Mkhitar Heratsi St., Yerevan, 0025</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3351-3625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даниелян</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danielyan</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>0025, Ереван, ул. Мхитара Гераци, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>12, Mkhitar Heratsi St., Yerevan, 0025</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-0087</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газиева</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazieva</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355005, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-2513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубянский</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubyansky</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355005, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3003-4952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малецкая</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maletskaya</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>355005, Ставрополь, ул. Советская, 13–15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>13-15, Sovetskaya St., Stavropol, 355005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavnipchi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГНКО «Национальный центр по контролю и профилактике заболеваний» Министерства здравоохранения Республики Армения<country>Армения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Armenia<country>Armenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Ставропольский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Stavropol Research Anti-Plague Institute<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Манучарян А.Ф., Мелик-Андреасян Г.Г., Даниелян Р.Р., Газиева А.Ю., Дубянский В.М., Малецкая О.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Манучарян А.Ф., Мелик-Андреасян Г.Г., Даниелян Р.Р., Газиева А.Ю., Дубянский В.М., Малецкая О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Manucharyan A.F., Melik-Andreasyan G.G., Danielyan R.R., Gazieva A.Y., Dubyansky V.M., Maletskaya O.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2292">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2292</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – использование климатических прогнозов, в том числе Межправительственной группы экспертов по изменению климата (МГЭИК), применительно к Республике Армения для оценки влияния климатических изменений на среду обитания и популяции основных резервуаров чумы и туляремии, а также на эпизоотический потенциал этих территорий; разработка модели экологической ниши природно-очагового инфекционного заболевания на примере очага туляремии в юго-восточной части Армении в современных условиях и прогноз состояния на 2040–2050 гг.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе использованы прогнозные сценарии изменений среднегодовых температур и осадков, литературные данные о влиянии изменения климата на очаги особо опасных инфекций, данные эпизоотологического обследования. Модель экологической ниши очага туляремии в юго-восточной части Армении разработана с применением искусственного интеллекта.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Регистрируемые в настоящее время и прогнозируемые изменения климата Армении, характеризующиеся повышением среднегодовых температур и сокращением среднегодового количества осадков, приведут к увеличению количества засушливых регионов в республике. В связи с этим наблюдаемое расширение ареала малых песчанок на север предполагает риски возникновения эпизоотических проявлений чумы, вызванных циркуляцией штаммов, принадлежащих к основному подвиду Yersinia pestis ssp. pestis, в приграничных территориях Закавказского высокогорного и Приараксинского низкогорного природных очагов чумы. Изменяющиеся условия влияют на динамику ареала обыкновенной полевки, способствуя перемещению ее популяций на оптимальные участки обитания, расположенные на высотах от 2000 м над уровнем моря, в пределах которых, вероятно, возрастут эпизоотические и эпидемические риски для чумы и туляремии. Прогнозная модель экологической ниши очага туляремии, разработанная для юго-восточной части Армении, показала сокращение количества абиотических факторов, приемлемых для циркуляции возбудителя туляремии, что приведет к уменьшению интенсивности эпизоотических проявлений туляремии в 3–4 раза к 2040–2050 гг.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work was to use climate forecasts, including those from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), in relation to Armenia to assess how climate changes could affect the habitat and populations of main reservoirs of plague and tularemia, as well as the epizootic potential of the territories; to develop ecological niche model of a natural-focal infectious disease by the example of tularemia focus in the southeastern region of Armenia under modern conditions and a forecast of the situation for 2040–2050.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The work used forecast scenarios of changes in average annual temperatures and precipitation, literature data on the impact of climate change on the foci of particularly dangerous infections, and data from epizootiological survey. The model of the ecological niche of the tularemia focus in the southeastern region of Armenia was developed applying artificial intelligence.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The currently registered and projected climate changes in Armenia, characterized by an increase in average annual temperatures and a decrease in average annual precipitation, will lead to an enlargement of arid areas in the republic. In this regard, the observed expansion of the little gerbil range to the north suggests the risks of epizootic manifestations of plague caused by the circulation of strains belonging to the main subspecies of Yersinia pestis ssp. pestis, in the border areas of the Transcaucasian high-mountain and the Pre-Araks low-mountain natural plague foci. Changing conditions affect the dynamics of the range of the common vole, contributing to the movement of its populations to optimal habitats located at altitudes higher than 2000 m above sea level, within which epizootic and epidemic risks for plague and tularemia are likely to increase. The predictive model of the ecological niche of the tularemia focus, developed for the southeastern region of Armenia, showed a reduction in the number of abiotic factors suitable for the circulation of the tularemia pathogen, which will lead to a 3–4-fold decrease in the intensity of epizootic manifestations of tularemia by 2040–2050.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>природные очаги</kwd><kwd>чума</kwd><kwd>туляремия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>natural foci</kwd><kwd>plague</kwd><kwd>tularemia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии дополнительного финансирования при проведении данного исследования</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The authors declare no additional financial support for this study</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fourth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity. 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