<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2026-1-152-157</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2295</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Создание и свойства штамма  Francisella tularensis 15 НИИЭГ без гена sodC</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Design and Properties of the Francisella tularensis Strain 15 NIIEG without the sodC Gene</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-5304</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1891-0283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вахрамеева</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakhrameeva</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3946-1755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Платонов</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Platonov</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-8780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокриевич</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokrievich</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мокриевич Александр Николаевич</p><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander N. Mokrievich</p><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mokrievich@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1959-1739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комбарова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kombarova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8318-4156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миронова</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironova</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3899-4277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сотникова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sotnikova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8378-5389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соломенцев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solomentsev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1078-4585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дятлов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyatlov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142279, Московская область, г.о. Серпухов, р.п. Оболенск, Территория «Квартал А», 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24, “Block A” Territory, Obolensk, urban district Serpukhov, Moscow Region, 142279</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр прикладной микробиологии и биотехнологии<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Scientific Center of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>152</fpage><lpage>157</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павлов В.М., Вахрамеева Г.М., Платонов М.Е., Мокриевич А.Н., Комбарова Т.И., Миронова Р.И., Сотникова М.А., Соломенцев В.И., Дятлов И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павлов В.М., Вахрамеева Г.М., Платонов М.Е., Мокриевич А.Н., Комбарова Т.И., Миронова Р.И., Сотникова М.А., Соломенцев В.И., Дятлов И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlov V.M., Vakhrameeva G.M., Platonov M.E., Mokrievich A.N., Kombarova T.I., Mironova R.I., Sotnikova M.A., Solomentsev V.I., Dyatlov I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2295">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2295</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – создание и изучение иммуногенных свойств штамма Francisella tularensis 15 НИИЭГ без гена sodC, кодирующего CuZn-зависимую супероксиддисмутазу. Материалы и методы. Делецию гена sodC из хромосомы туляремийного микроба проводили методом аллельного обмена с использованием суицидного плазмидного вектора pGM5. Модифицированный фрагмент хромосомы без структурной части гена sodC создавали объединением ампликонов, синтезированных методом ПЦР с помощью двух пар праймеров. Для переноса плазмид в бактерии Escherichia coli и F. tularensis использовали метод электропорации. Для иммунизации и заражения использовали мышей линии BALB/c. Для оценки реактогенности штаммов для мышей определяли средний вес животных в группах. Результаты и обсуждение. Методом аллельного обмена создан штамм F.  tularensis 15ΔsodC, в хромосоме которого отсутствовал фрагмент размером 545 п.о. со структурной частью гена sodC. Данный штамм не отличался по вирулентности и реактогенности от исходного штамма 15 НИИЭГ, но мыши, иммунизированные делетированным вариантом вакцинного штамма, легче переносили экспериментальную инфекцию, вызванную природным штаммом F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica А-678. Сделано предположение, что удаление гена sodC может улучшить иммуногенные свойства штамма туляремийного микроба при целенаправленном конструировании перспективного кандидата для создания современной туляремийной вакцины со сниженной реактогенностью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to create and study the immunogenic properties of Francisella tularensis strain 15 NIIEG without the sodC gene encoding CuZn-dependent superoxide dismutase. Materials and methods. Deletion of the sodC gene from the chromosome of the tularemia microbe was performed applying the allelic exchange method using the suicide plasmid vector pGM5. The modified chromosome fragment without the structural part of the sodC gene was constructed by combining amplicons synthesized via PCR using two pairs of primers. Electroporation was used to transfer plasmids into Escherichia coli and F. tularensis bacteria. BALB/c mice were used for immunization and infection. To assess the reactogenicity of the strains for mice, the average weight of animals in groups was determined. Results and discussion. The allelic exchange method was used to create the F. tularensis 15ΔsodC strain, in the chromosome of which a 545 bp fragment with the structural part of the sodC gene was missing. This strain did not differ in virulence and reactogenicity from the original strain 15 NIIEG, but mice immunized with the deleted version of the vaccine strain more easily tolerated the experimental infection caused by the natural strain F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica A-678. It has been suggested that deletion of the sodC gene may improve the immunogenic properties of the tularemia microbe strain in the targeted design of a promising candidate for the creation of a modern tularemia vaccine with reduced reactogenicity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Francisells tularensis</kwd><kwd>вакцинный штамм</kwd><kwd>ген sodC</kwd><kwd>делеция</kwd><kwd>аллельный обмен</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>vaccine strain</kwd><kwd>sodC gene</kwd><kwd>deletion</kwd><kwd>allelic exchange</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках отраслевой программы Роспотребнадзора</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was carried out within the framework of the sectoral program of the Rospotrebnadzor.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Олсуфьев Н.Г. Таксономия, микробиология и лабораторная диагностика возбудителя туляремии. М.: Медицина; 1975. 192 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olsuf’ev N.G. [Taxonomy, Microbiology and Laboratory Diagnosis of the Causative Agent of Tularemia]. Moscow: “Meditsina”; 1975. 192 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соколов М.И., редактор. Профилактика инфекций живыми вакцинами. М.: Медгиз; 1960. С. 356.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokolov M.I., editor. [Prevention of Infections by Live Vaccines]. Moscow: “Medgiz”; 1960. P. 356.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Медуницын Н.В. Вакцинология. 3-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: Триада-Х; 2010. 512 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medunitsyn N.V. [Vaccinology]. 3rd ed., revised and updated. Moscow: “Triada-X”; 2010. 512 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Larsson P., Oyston P.C.F., Chain P., Chu M.C., Duffield M., Fuxelius H.-H., Garcia E., Hälltorp G., Johansson D., Isherwood K.E., Karp P.D., Larsson E., Liu Y., Michell S., Prior J., Prior R., Malfatti S., Sjöstedt A., Svensson K., Thompson N., Vergez L., Wagg J.K., Wren B.W., Lindler L.E., Andersson S.G.E., Forsman M., Titball R.W. The complete genome sequence of Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia. Nat. Genet. 2005; 37(2):153–9. DOI: 10.1038/ng1499.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larsson P., Oyston P.C.F., Chain P., Chu M.C., Duffield M., Fuxelius H.-H., Garcia E., Hälltorp G., Johansson D., Isherwood K.E., Karp P.D., Larsson E., Liu Y., Michell S., Prior J., Prior R., Malfatti S., Sjöstedt A., Svensson K., Thompson N., Vergez L., Wagg J.K., Wren B.W., Lindler L.E., Andersson S.G.E., Forsman M., Titball R.W. The complete genome sequence of Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia. Nat. Genet. 2005; 37(2):153–9. DOI: 10.1038/ng1499.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Melillo A.A., Mahawar M., Sellati T.J., Malik M., Metzger D.W., Melendez J.A., Bakshi C.S. Identification of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain CuZn superoxide dismutase as critical for resistance to extracellularly generated reactive oxygen species. J. Bacteriol. 2009; 191(20):6447–56. DOI: 10.1128/JB.00534-09.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melillo A.A., Mahawar M., Sellati T.J., Malik M., Metzger D.W., Melendez J.A., Bakshi C.S. Identification of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain CuZn superoxide dismutase as critical for resistance to extracellularly generated reactive oxygen species. J. Bacteriol. 2009; 191(20):6447–56. DOI: 10.1128/JB.00534-09.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мокриевич А.Н., Тимофеев В.С., Кудрявцева Т.Ю., Уланова Г.И., Карбышева С.Б., Миронова Р.И., Вахрамеева Г.М., Губарева Т.И., Павлов В.М., Дятлов И.А. Выделение среднеазиатского подвида туляремийного микроба на территории Алтайского края. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2013; (1):66–9. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2013-1-66-69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mokrievich A.N., Timofeev V.S., Kudryavtseva T.Yu., Ulanova G.I., Karbysheva S.B., Mironova R.I., Vakhrameeva G.M., Gubareva T.I., Pavlov V.M., Dyatlov I.A. [Isolation of Central Asian subspecies of tularemia agent in the Altai Territory]. Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii [Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections]. 2013; (1):66–9. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2013-1-66-69.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Woodcock D.M., Crowther P.J., Doherty J., Jefferson S., DeCruz E., Noyer-Weidner M., Smith S.S., Michael M.Z., Graham M.W. Quantitative evaluation of Escherichia coli host strains for tolerance to cytosine methylation in plasmid and phage recombinants. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989; 17(9):3469–78. DOI: 10.1093/nar/17.9.3469.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Woodcock D.M., Crowther P.J., Doherty J., Jefferson S., DeCruz E., Noyer-Weidner M., Smith S.S., Michael M.Z., Graham M.W. Quantitative evaluation of Escherichia coli host strains for tolerance to cytosine methylation in plasmid and phage recombinants. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989; 17(9):3469–78. DOI: 10.1093/nar/17.9.3469.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мокриевич А.Н., Вахрамеева Г.М., Титарева Г.М., Бахтеева И.В., Миронова Р.И., Комбарова Т.И., Кравченко Т.Б., Дятлов И.А., Павлов В.М. Получение и свойства вакцинного штамма туляремийного микроба без одной копии гена iglC и без гена recA. Молекулярная генетика, микробиология и вирусология. 2015; (3):33–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mokrievich A.N., Vakhrameeva G.M., Titareva G.M., Bakhteeva I.V., Mironova R.I., Kombarova T.I., Kravchenko T.B., Dyatlov I.A., Pavlov V.M. [Constraction and properties of the Francisella tularensis vaccine strain without one copy of iglC gene and without recA gene]. Molekulyarnaya Genetika, Mikrobiologiya i Virusologiya [Molecular Genetics, Microbiology, and Virology]. 2015; (3):33–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миллер Д. Эксперименты в молекулярной генетике. М.: Мир; 1976. 440 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miller D. [Experiments in Molecular Genetics]. Moscow: “Mir”; 1976. 440 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лапин А.А., Павлов В.М., Мокриевич А.Н., Домотенко Л.В., Храмов М.В. Простая жидкая питательная среда для молекулярно-генетических исследований Francisella tularensis. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2009; (4):66–7. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2009-4(102)-66-67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lapin A.A., Pavlov V.M., Mokrievich A.N., Domotenko L.V., Khramov M.V. [Simple liquid nutrient medium for moleculargenetic investigations of Francisella tularensis]. Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii [Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections]. 2009; (4):66–7. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2009-4(102)-66-67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маниатис Т., Фрич Э., Сэмбрук Дж. Методы генетической инженерии. Молекулярное клонирование. М.: Мир; 1984. 480 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maniatis T., Frich E., Sembruk Dzh. [Methods of Genetic Engineering. Molecular Cloning]. Moscow: “Mir”; 1984. 480 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шишкова Н.А., Вахрамеева Г.М., Павлов В.М., Мокриевич А.Н., Дятлов И.А. Плазмидная криотрансформация вакцинного штамма Francisella tularensis 15 линии НИИЭГ. Бактериология. 2018; 3(2):38–42. DOI: 10.20953/2307-6631-2018-2-38-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shishkova N.A., Vakhrameeva G.M., Pavlov V.M., Mokrievich A.N., Dyatlov I.A. [Plasmid cryo-transformation of the vaccine strain Francisella tularensis 15 NIIEG]. Bakteriologiya [Bacteriology]. 2018; 3(2):38–42. DOI: 10.20953/2307-6631-2018-2-38-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lessard J.C. Transformation of E. coli via electroporation. Methods Enzymol. 2013; 529:321–7. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-418687-3.00027-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lessard J.C. Transformation of E. coli via electroporation. Methods Enzymol. 2013; 529:321–7. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-418687-3.00027-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Research Council of the National Academies. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 8th ed. Washington (D.C.): National Academy Press; 2011. 220 p. DOI: 10.17226/12910.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Research Council of the National Academies. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 8th ed. Washington (D.C.): National Academy Press; 2011. 220 p. DOI: 10.17226/12910.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ашмарин И.П., Воробьев А.А. Статистические методы в микробиологических исследованиях. Л.: Медгиз; 1962. С. 85–104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ashmarin I.P., Vorob’ev A.A. [Statistical Methods in Microbiological Research]. Leningrad: “Medgiz”; 1962. P. 85–104.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bakshi C.S., Malik M., Regan K., Melendez J.A., Metzger D.W., Pavlov V.M., Sellati T.J. Superoxide dismutase B gene (sodB)deficient mutants of Francisella tularensis demonstrate hypersensitivity to oxidative stress and attenuated virulence. J. Bacteriol. 2006; 188(17):6443–8. DOI: 10.1128/JB.00266-06.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakshi C.S., Malik M., Regan K., Melendez J.A., Metzger D.W., Pavlov V.M., Sellati T.J. Superoxide dismutase B gene (sodB)deficient mutants of Francisella tularensis demonstrate hypersensitivity to oxidative stress and attenuated virulence. J. Bacteriol. 2006; 188(17):6443–8. DOI: 10.1128/JB.00266-06.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
