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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2026-1-165-173</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2297</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение структуры генов белков-регуляторов в штаммах геновариантов Vibrio cholerae О1 биовара Эль Тор, изолированных в разные годы седьмой пандемии холеры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessing the Structure of Regulatory Protein Genes in Strains of Genovariants of Vibrio cholerae O1 Biovar El Tor, Isolated in Different Years of the Seventh Cholera Pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7190-4427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федоров Андрей Витальевич</p><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Fedorov</p><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5759-3765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челдышова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheldyshova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-1186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кульшань</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kul’shan’</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>112, Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov, 410012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4366-0562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заднова</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zadnova</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт фармации, профилактической медицины и биомедицины, Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Pharmacy, Preventive Medicine and Biomedicine of V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>165</fpage><lpage>173</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федоров А.В., Челдышова Н.Б., Кульшань Т.А., Заднова С.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федоров А.В., Челдышова Н.Б., Кульшань Т.А., Заднова С.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorov A.V., Cheldyshova N.B., Kul’shan’ T.A., Zadnova S.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2297">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2297</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – сравнительный анализ структуры генов, кодирующих регуляторные белки в штаммах геновариантов Vibrio cholerae О1 биовара Эль Тор, выделенных на эндемичных и неэндемичных по холере территориях в разные годы седьмой пандемии холеры, и их филогенетический анализ. Материалы и методы. Использовали нуклеотидные последовательности полных геномов 75 токсигенных геновариантов V. cholerae О1 Эль Тор с аллелями ctxB1 и ctxB7, представленных в NCBI GenBank, ENA, VGARus. Биоинформационный анализ проводили с применением алгоритма Blast (http://blast.ncbi), MEGA X. Филогенетический анализ осуществляли с использованием сервера REALPHY. Результаты и обсуждение. Изучена структура 13 локусов (toxT, aphA, aphB, luxO, luxT, gntR, hapR, lysR_vc2383, lysR_vc1617, hns, vieA, carR, carS). Установлено стабильное сохранение в геноме всех штаммов генов aphB и carS, у 99 % – toxT, aphA и luxT. У всех геновариантов присутствует измененный ген gntR (G565A), кодирующий белок, репрессирующий ферментацию глюконата. Большинство геновариантов имеют интактный ген hapR, в отличие от референтного штамма N16961, у которого в этом гене делетирован тимин в позиции 219. Некоторые зарубежные штаммы включают дополнительные мутации в данном гене. Выявлена высокая вариабельность гена luxO. Мутации в других регуляторных генах накапливались постепенно и стабильно сохранялись. При филогенетическом анализе все изученные штаммы, выделенные в разных эндемичных странах и завезенные в РФ и сопредельные страны, четко разделились на четыре кластера в соответствии со структурой регуляторных генов. Таким образом, высоковирулентные геноварианты, выделяемые в настоящее время на эндемичной территории и завозимые в РФ, имеют генотип hapR (insТ219), lysR_vc2383 (C110T), hns (G319A), lysR_vc1617 (A650C), vieA (C235T), carR (G265A).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work was to conduct a comparative analysis of the structure of genes encoding regulatory proteins in strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar El Tor genovariants isolated in cholera endemic and non-endemic territories in different years of the seventh cholera pandemic, and their phylogenetic analysis. Materials and methods. Nucleotide sequences of complete genomes of 75 toxigenic genovariants of V. cholerae O1 El Tor with ctxB1 and ctxB7 alleles listed in NCBI GenBank, ENA, VGARus were used. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using the Blast algorithm (http://blast.ncbi), MEGA X. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using the REALPHY server. Results and discussion. The structure of 13 loci (toxT, aphA, aphB, luxO, luxT, gntR, hapR, lysR_vc2383, lysR_vc1617, hns, vieA, carR, carS) was studied. Stable preservation of the aphB and carS genes in the genome of all strains has been established, and toxT, aphA, and luxT have been found in 99 % of them. All genovariants have an altered gntR gene (G565A) encoding a protein that represses gluconate fermentation. The majority of genovariants have an intact hapR gene, unlike the reference strain N16961, which has a thymine deletion at the position 219 in this gene. Some foreign strains include additional mutations in this gene. High variability of the luxO gene has been revealed. Mutations in other regulatory genes have been piling up gradually and stably persisted. During phylogenetic analysis, all the studied strains isolated in different endemic countries and imported to the Russian Federation and neighboring states fell under four clusters in accordance with the structure of regulatory genes. Thus, highly virulent genovariants currently isolated in the endemic territory and imported to the Russian Federation have the genotype hapR (insT219), lysR_vc2383 (C110T), hns (G319A), lysR_vc1617 (A650C), vieA (C235T), carR (G265A).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Vibrio cholerae О1 Эль Тор</kwd><kwd>структура регуляторных генов</kwd><kwd>филогенетический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor</kwd><kwd>structure of regulatory genes</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии дополнительного финансирования при проведении данного исследования</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The authors declare no additional financial support for this study</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попова А.Ю., Носков А.К., Ежлова Е.Б., Кругликов В.Д., Монахова Е.В., Чемисова О.С., Лопатин А.А., Иванова С.М., Подойницына О.А., Водопьянов А.С., Левченко Д.А., Савина И.В. 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