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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2026-2-101-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выявление новых особенностей структуры генома нетоксигенных штаммов Vibrio cholerae O1 биовара Эль Тор ctxAB-tcpA+</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of New Genome Structure Features in Non-Toxigenic Strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 Biovar El Tor ctxAB-tcpA+</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8260-4670</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катышев</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Katyshev</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-6063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агафонов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agafonov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3117-8229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбальченко</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybal’chenko</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4382-7254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозовский</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozovsky</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7115-6286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Катышев А.Д., Агафонов Д.А., Рыбальченко Д.А., Лозовский Ю.В., Смирнова Н.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Катышев А.Д., Агафонов Д.А., Рыбальченко Д.А., Лозовский Ю.В., Смирнова Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Katyshev A.D., Agafonov D.A., Rybal’chenko D.A., Lozovsky Y.V., Smirnova N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2350">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2350</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – сравнительный анализ структуры и распространенности генов патогенности, лекарственной устойчивости и персистенции среди природных нетоксигенных штаммов Vibrio cholerae биовара Эль Тор с генотипом ctxAB– tcpA+. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы полные геномы 73 токсигенных и 33 нетоксигенных штаммов холерных вибрионов с помощью методов мультилокусного сиквенс-типирования в онлайн-сервисе MLST2.0 на платформе CGE (Center Genomic Epidemiology) и филогенетического анализа с применением программы MrBayes v.3.2.7a. Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлены новые геномные особенности природных нетоксигенных штаммов V. cholerae Эль Тор с генотипом ctxAB−tcpA+, относящихся к филогенетической линии L3. Установлено, что по ST-типу, наличию мобильных элементов ICE и VSP-II, аллельному профилю генов патогенности (tcpA, rtxA) и лекарственной устойчивости (gyrA и parC), а также присутствию гена VC2346 ряд штаммов из этой группы имели значительное генетическое сходство с токсигенными и были, видимо, производными типичных или генетически измененных штаммов возбудителя холеры. Филогенетический анализ подтвердил явную генетическую близость этих изолятов с токсигенными и показал их принадлежность к филогенетической линии эпидемически опасных штаммов, а именно к L2. Таким образом, среди природных нетоксигенных холерных вибрионов Эль Тор ctxAB− tcpA+ обнаружены штаммы с генетическими маркерами возбудителя холеры, что указывает на их происхождение от этих штаммов и свидетельствует о необходимости разработки диагностических средств для дифференциации нетоксигенных штаммов с разным патогенным потенциалом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to comparatively analyze the structure and prevalence of pathogenicity, drug resistance, and persistence genes among non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 strains, biovar El Tor ctxAB−tcpA+. Materials and methods. Nucleotide sequences of whole genomes were assessed for 73 toxigenic and 33 non-toxigenic strains of cholera vibrios applying multilocus sequence typing of the strains using the MLST 2.0 online service on CGE (Center Genomic Epidemiology) platform and phylogenetic analysis using MrBayes v.3.2.7a. Results and discussion. New genomic features of non-toxigenic V. cholerae El Tor strains with the ctxAB−tcpA+ genotype, belonging to the L3 phylogenetic lineage, have been identified. Significant genetic differences were revealed between ctxAB−tcpA+ strains from L3 line. It has been established that, based on ST type, the presence of ICE and VSP-II mobile elements, the allelic profile of pathogenicity genes (tcpA, rtxA) and drug resistance genes (gyrA and parC), the presence of the VC2346 gene, a number of non-toxigenic strains are substantially genetically similar to toxigenic strains and are, presumably, derivatives of typical or genetically modified V. cholerae strains. Phylogenetic analysis has confirmed the pronounced genetic similatity of those isolates to toxigenic strains and demonstrated their affiliation to the phylogenetic lineage of epidemically dangerous strains, namely, L2. Thus, among the non-toxigenic cholera vibrios biovar El Tor ctxAB−tcpA+, strains with genetic markers of the cholera pathogen have been found, which indicates that they originated from toxigenic ones and that there is a need to develop diagnostic tools for differentiating non-toxigenic strains with different pathogenic potential.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Vibrio cholerae</kwd><kwd>филогенетические линии</kwd><kwd>вариабельность генов</kwd><kwd>патогенность</kwd><kwd>персистентность</kwd><kwd>лекарственная устойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Vibrio cholerae</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic lineages</kwd><kwd>gene variability</kwd><kwd>pathogenicity</kwd><kwd>persistence</kwd><kwd>drug resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mutreja A., Kim D.W., Thomson N.R., Connor T.R., Lee J.H., Kariuki S., Croucher N.J., Choi S.Y., Harris S.R., Lebens M., Niyogi S.K., Kim E.J., Ramamurthy T., Chun J., Wood J.L., Clemens J.D., Czerkinsky C., Nair G.B., Holmgren J., Parkhill J., Dougan G. 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