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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2026-2-108-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2351</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Прогнозирование последствий заноса вируса оспы обезьян на территорию России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Forecasting the Consequences of the Introduction of Mpox Virus into Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллов</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>141306, Московская обл., Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, 11.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Possad-6, Moscow Region, 141306</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллова</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillova</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>141306, Московская обл., Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, 11.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Possad-6, Moscow Region, 141306</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисевич</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisevich</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>141306, Московская обл., Сергиев Посад-6, ул. Октябрьская, 11.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Possad-6, Moscow Region, 141306</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">48cnii@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>48th Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кириллов В.Б., Кириллова С.Л., Борисевич С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кириллов В.Б., Кириллова С.Л., Борисевич С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirillov V.B., Kirillova S.L., Borisevich S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2351">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2351</self-uri><abstract><p>Прекращение вакцинации после ликвидации натуральной оспы привело к снижению уровня коллективного иммунитета населения мира. В настоящее время риск национального и международного распространения Mpox оценивается как «высокий». Занос MPXV клады 1b может быть осуществлен наземным или воздушным транспортом гражданами иностранных государств или российскими туристами, возвращающимися после отдыха за рубежом. Цель исследования – прогноз последствий заноса MPXV клады 1b на территорию России. Материалы и методы. Использованы данные опубликованных зарубежных и отечественных научных работ о распространении Mpox, значения среднего коллективного иммунитета и среднего базового репродуктивного числа, а также данные, характеризующие длительность поствакцинального иммунитета в отношении ортопоксвирусных инфекций. Результаты и обсуждение. Сделан прогноз развития вспышки при отсутствии противоэпидемических мероприятий в результате заноса MPXV клады 1b на территорию России для трех сценариев: единичный заносной случай с учетом величины иммунной прослойки населения, внутрисемейная вспышка, вспышка в замкнутом коллективе. Результаты прогноза позволяют сделать вывод, что занос MPXV клады 1b на территорию России может привести к возникновению чрезвычайной ситуации локального или муниципального характера. При любом из рассмотренных сценариев после изоляции больных и контактировавших с ними лиц вспышка прекратится.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The cessation of vaccination after the eradication of smallpox led to a decrease in the level of herd immunity of the world’s population. Currently, the risk of national and international spread of Mpox is assessed as “high”. The introduction of MPXV clade 1b can be carried out by land or air transport by citizens of foreign countries or Russian tourists returning from a vacation abroad. The aim of the study was to predict the consequences of the introduction of MPXV clade 1b into the territory of Russia. Materials and methods. The data from published foreign and domestic scientific papers on the spread of Mpox, the values of average herd immunity and average basic reproductive number, as well as data characterizing the duration of post-vaccination immunity against orthopoxvirus infections were used. Results and discussion. A forecast of the outbreak development as a result of the introduction of MPXV clade 1b into the territory of Russia in the absence of anti-epidemic measures has been made for three scenarios: a single imported case taking into account the size of the immune stratum of the population, a household outbreak, an outbreak in a closed community. The results of the forecast allow us to conclude that the introduction of MPXV clade 1b into the territory of Russia may lead to the emergence of a local or municipal emergency. In any of the considered scenarios, after the isolation of patients and those who have been in contact with them, the outbreak will cease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус оспы обезьян</kwd><kwd>вспышка</kwd><kwd>сценарии</kwd><kwd>базовое репродуктивное число</kwd><kwd>коллективный иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mpox virus</kwd><kwd>outbreak</kwd><kwd>scenarios</kwd><kwd>basic reproductive number</kwd><kwd>herd immunity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Онищенко Г.Г., Кириллов И.А., Борисевич С.В., Сизикова Т.Е., Кротков В.Т. Анализ аэробиологических исследований с ортопоксвирусами, проводимых Министерством обороны США. Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии. 2024; 101(3):399–411. 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