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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2026-3-104-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-2398</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фенотипический анализ и генетические особенности клинических штаммов Vibrio paracholerae</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenotypic Analysis and Genetic Characteristics of Clinical Strains of Vibrio paracholerae</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3235-7357</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кусмарцева</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kusmartseva</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кусмарцева Дарья Леонидовна.</p><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria L. Kusmartseva.</p><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5759-3765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челдышова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheldyshova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7171-855X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурякова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskuryakova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1579-5841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-0022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7190-4427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8334-9173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Портенко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Portenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4366-0562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заднова</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zadnova</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кусмарцева Д.Л., Челдышова Н.Б., Проскурякова М.В., Валова Т.В., Осин А.В., Федоров А.В., Портенко С.А., Заднова С.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кусмарцева Д.Л., Челдышова Н.Б., Проскурякова М.В., Валова Т.В., Осин А.В., Федоров А.В., Портенко С.А., Заднова С.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kusmartseva D.L., Cheldyshova N.B., Proskuryakova M.V., Valova T.V., Osin A.V., Fedorov A.V., Portenko S.A., Zadnova S.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2398">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/2398</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – комплексное фенотипическое и генетическое изучение клинических штаммов Vibrio paracholerae, выделенных на территории Российской Федерации и сопредельных стран. Материалы и методы. Использовали 210 нуклеотидных последовательностей полных геномов V. cholerae неO1/неO139 и 12 штаммов V. paracholerae, вызвавших острые кишечные инфекции в 1975–2014 гг. Подвижность, продукцию растворимой гемагглютинин/протеазы, фосфолипазы и гемолизина определяли с использованием специальных сред; чувствительность к антибиотикам – диско-диффузионным методом. Для биоинформационного анализа применяли BLAST, BioEdit (v.7.7.1), ABRicate и базы данных VFDB и CARD, для вычисления ANI – fastANI v.1.34. Результаты и обсуждение. При анализе 210 геномов V. cholerae неO1/неO139 обнаружено 12 геномов, содержащих специфические маркеры V. paracholerae и лишенных локусов, характерных для V. cholerae. Определение средней нуклеотидной идентичности геномов подтвердило их отношение к V. paracholerae. Установлено, что парахолерные вибрионы, как и холерные, подвижны, продуцируют ферменты патогенности и гемолизин. Все штаммы чувствительны к тетрациклину, азитромицину, аминогликозидам, цефалоспоринам и фторхинолонам III поколения, но устойчивы к рифампицину (100 %), ампициллину – 58,3 %, триметоприму/сульфаметоксазолу – 25 %, фторхинолонам II поколения – 16,7 %. Анализ генома выявил отсутствие профага CTXφ и острова патогенности VPI-1. У ряда штаммов присутствуют единичные гены островов пандемичности VSP-I и VSP-II. Обнаружены локусы, кодирующие дополнительные детерминанты патогенности – гемолизин HlyA, растворимую гемагглютинин/протеазу HapA, токсин MARTX, белки системы секреции VI типа, холикс-токсин СhxA (у 75 % изолятов). У всех штаммов присутствуют локусы эффлюксных систем RND-типа, у 85,7 % устойчивых к ампициллину изолятов – гены β-лактамаз carb. Таким образом, по фенотипическим признакам и генетическому строению клинические изоляты V. paracholerae схожи с водными вибрионами; факторы патогенности, специфичные для этой группы, выявить не удалось. Несмотря на наличие полирезистентных изолятов, отмечена чувствительность к большинству антибиотиков, используемых при лечении кишечных инфекций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to perform a comprehensive phenotypic and genetic study of clinical strains of Vibrio paracholerae isolated in the Russian Federation and neighboring countries. Materials and methods. We used 210 nucleotide sequences of complete genomes of V. cholerae nonO1/nonO139 and 12 strains of V. paracholerae that caused acute intestinal infections in 1975–2014. Motility, production of soluble hemagglutinin/protease, phospholipase, and hemolysin were determined using specialized media; antibiotic sensitivity - applying the disk diffusion method. BLAST, BioEdit (v.7.7.1), ABRicate, and the VFDB and CARD databases were used for bioinformatics analysis; fastANI v.1.34 – to calculate ANI. Results and discussion. The analysis of 210 V. cholerae nonO1/nonO139 genomes has revealed 12 genomes containing specific markers of V. paracholerae and lacking the loci characteristic of V. cholerae. Determination of the average nucleotide identity of the genomes confirmed their relationship to V. paracholerae. It has been established that paracholera vibrios, like cholera vibrios, are motile and produce pathogenic enzymes and hemolysin. All strains are sensitive to tetracycline, azithromycin, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, and third-generation fluoroquinolones, but resistant to rifampicin (100 %), ampicillin (58.3 %), trimethoprime/sulfamethaxazole (25 %), and second-generation fluoroquinolones (16.7 %). Genomic analysis has revealed the absence of the CTXφ prophage and the VPI-1 pathogenicity island. A number of strains possesses isolated genes for the VSP-I and VSP-II pandemicity islands. Loci encoding additional pathogenicity determinants have been identified: hemolysin HlyA, soluble hemagglutinin protease HapA, MARTX toxin, type VI secretion system proteins, and cholyx toxin ChxA (in 75 % of isolates). All strains have RND-type efflux system loci, and 85.7 % of ampicillin-resistant isolates harbored carb β-lactamase genes. Thus, in terms of phenotypic characteristics and genetic structure, clinical isolates of V. paracholerae are similar to aquatic vibrios; pathogenicity factors specific to this group could not be identified. Despite the presence of multidrug-resistant isolates, sensitivity to most antibiotics used in the treatment of intestinal infections was noted.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>V. paracholerae</kwd><kwd>генетические особенности</kwd><kwd>чувствительность</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>антибактериальные препараты</kwd><kwd>фенотипический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>V. paracholerae</kwd><kwd>genetic features</kwd><kwd>sensitivity</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>antibacterial drugs</kwd><kwd>phenotypic analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siamalube B., Ehinmitan E., Runo S., Onguso J., Ngotho M. Recent trends of Vibrio cholerae: global and regional incidences. Foodborne Pathog. Dis. 2026; 23(3):155–8. 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