<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2015-3-42-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-244</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологические особенности болезни, вызванной вирусом Эбола, в странах Западной Африки в 2013-2015 гг</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiological Peculiarities of Ebola Virus Disease Epidemic, 2013-2015 in West Africa Countries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафронов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safronov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Boiro</surname><given-names>M. Y.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boiro</surname><given-names>M. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куклев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kouklev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кедрова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kedrova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Удовиченко</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Udovichenko</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопатин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopatin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раздорский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razdorsky</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ежлова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ezhlova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смоленский</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolensky</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутырев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutyrev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumers Rights Protection and Human Welfare; Russian Medical Academy for Post-Graduate Training</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Пастера Гвинеи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pasteur Institute of Guinea</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumers Rights Protection and Human Welfare</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова А.Ю., Сафронов В.А., Boiro M.Y., Куклев Е.В., Кедрова О.В., Удовиченко С.К., Лопатин А.А., Раздорский А.С., Ежлова Е.Б., Смоленский В.Ю., Кутырев В.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова А.Ю., Сафронов В.А., Boiro M.Y., Куклев Е.В., Кедрова О.В., Удовиченко С.К., Лопатин А.А., Раздорский А.С., Ежлова Е.Б., Смоленский В.Ю., Кутырев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova A.Y., Safronov V.A., Boiro M.Y., Kouklev E.V., Kedrova O.V., Udovichenko S.K., Lopatin A.A., Razdorsky A.S., Ezhlova E.B., Smolensky V.Y., Kutyrev V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/244">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/244</self-uri><abstract><p>В публикации представлены результаты анализа продолжающейся эпидемии лихорадки Эбола в Западной Африке 2013-2015 гг. Определены эпидемиологические особенности, главными из которых являются масштаб распространения эпидемии, социальные причины широкого распространения, регистрация заболеваний БВВЭ на новых территориях Африканского континента - в Западной Африке (Гвинея, Либерия, Сьерра-Леоне), генетическое отличие вируса Эбола от штаммов того же вируса вида Zaire ebolavirus, вызвавших предыдущие вспышки, превалирование лихорадочного синдрома над геморрагическим, высокий риск заражения БВВЭ среди медицинских работников. Наиболее вероятными носителями вируса Эбола могут являться крыланы трех видов - Hypsignathus monstrosus, Myonycteris torquata и Epomops franqueti. Выделены ключевые этапы и факторы развития эпидемии БВВЭ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Represented are the results of analysis of the on-going EVD epidemic, 2013-2015 in West Africa countries. Identified have been epidemiological peculiarities, the principal ones of which are: the scale of epidemic transmission; social factors of widespread occurrence; registration of EVD cases in the new territories of the African continent - West Africa (Guinea, Liberia, Sierra-Leone); genetic distinction between Ebola virus and the strains of the same virus, species Zaire ebolavirus, that caused previous outbreaks; prevalence of febrile syndrome over hemorrhagic; high risk of infection with EVD among the healthcare workers. Most probable carriers of Ebola virus may be fruit-bats of the three species - Hypsignathus monstrosus, Myonycteris torquata, and Epomops franqueti. Outlined are the key stages and factors of EVD epidemic development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпидемия БВВЭ</kwd><kwd>Западная Африка</kwd><kwd>природный резервуар</kwd><kwd>противоэпидемические мероприятия</kwd><kwd>факторы распространения</kwd><kwd>EVD epidemic</kwd><kwd>West Africa</kwd><kwd>natural reservoir</kwd><kwd>anti-epidemic measures</kwd><kwd>factors of transmission</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Болезнь, вызванная вирусом Эбола. Информационный бюллетень ВОЗ. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/ru (дата обращения 22.04.2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">[Ebola Virus Disease]. [cited 22 Apr 2015]. WHO Information Bulletin. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/ru</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Год спустя с начала эпидемии болезни, вызванной вирусом Эбола. ВОЗ; 2015. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/one-year-report/introduction/ru (дата обращения 28.01.2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">[One year into the Ebola epidemic: a deadly, tenacious and unforgiving virus]. WHO; 2015 [cited 28 Jan 2015]. Available from: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/one-year-report/introduction/ru</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заявление ВОЗ по итогам совещания Комитета Международных медико-санитарных правил по чрезвычайной ситуации в отношении вспышки Эболы 2014 г. в Западной Африке. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/ebola-20140808/ru (дата обращения 08.08.2014).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">[Statement on the 1st meeting of the IHR Emergency Committee on the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa]. WHO; 2014 [cited 08 Aug 2014]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/ebola-20140808/ru</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Платонов А.Е., Платонова О.В., Малеев В.В. Эбола, 2014 г. Эпидемиологические и социальные аспекты. Эпидемиол. и инф. бол. 2014; 5:34-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Platonov A.E., Platonova O.V., Maleev V.V. [Ebola, 2014. Epidemiological and social aspects]. Epidemiol. Infek. Bol. 2014; 5:34–49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alexander K.A., Sanderson C.E., Marathe M., Lewis B.L., Rivers C.M., Shaman J., Drake J.M., Lofgren E., Dato V.M., Eisenberg M.C., Eubank S. What factors might have led to the emergence of Ebola in West Africa? PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2015; 9(6):e0003652. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003652.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexander K.A., Sanderson C.E., Marathe M., Lewis B.L., Rivers C.M., Shaman J., Drake J.M., Lofgren E., Dato V.M., Eisenberg M.C., Eubank S. What factors might have led to the emergence of Ebola in West Africa? PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2015; 9(6):e0003652. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003652.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baize S., Pannetier D., Oestereich L., Rieger T., Koivogui L., Magassouba N., Soropogui B., Sow M.S., Keita S., De Clerck H., Tiffany A., Dominguez G., Loua M., Traoré A., Kolié M., Malano E.R., Heleze E., Bocquin A., Mély S., Raoul H., Caro V., Cadar D., Gabriel M., Pahlmann M., Tappe D., Schmidt-Chanasit J., Impouma B., Diallo A.K., Formenty P., Van Herp M., Günther S. Emergence of Zaire Ebola virus disease in Guinea. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371(15):1418-25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baize S., Pannetier D., Oestereich L., Rieger T., Koivogui L., Magassouba N., Soropogui B., Sow M.S., Keita S., De Clerck H., Tiffany A., Dominguez G., Loua M., Traoré A., Kolié M., Malano E.R., Heleze E., Bocquin A., Mély S., Raoul H., Caro V., Cadar D., Gabriel M., Pahlmann M., Tappe D., Schmidt-Chanasit J., Impouma B., Diallo A.K., Formenty P., Van Herp M., Günther S. Emergence of Zaire Ebola virus disease in Guinea. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371(15):1418–25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan M. Ebola virus disease in West Africa - No early end to the outbreak. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371(13):1183-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan M. Ebola virus disease in West Africa – No early end to the outbreak. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371(13):1183–5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Del Rio C., Mehta A.K., Lyon G.M., Guarner J. Ebola hemorrhagic fever in 2014: The tale of an evolving epidemic. Ann. Intern. Med. 2014; 161 (10):746-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Del Rio C., Mehta A.K., Lyon G.M., Guarner J. Ebola hemorrhagic fever in 2014: The tale of an evolving epidemic. Ann. Intern. Med. 2014; 161 (10):746–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gire S.K., Goba A., Andersen K.G., Sealfon R.S., Park D.J., Kanneh L., Jalloh S., Momoh M., Fullah M., Dudas G., Wohl S., Moses L.M., Yozwiak N.L., Winnicki S., Matranga C.B., Malboeuf C.M., Qu J., Gladden A.D., Schaffner S.F., Yang X., Jiang P.P., Nekoui M., Colubri A., Coomber M.R., Fonnie M., Moigboi A., Gbakie M., Kamara F.K., Tucker V., Konuwa E., Saffa S., Sellu J., Jalloh A.A., Kovoma A., Koninga J., Mustapha I., Kargbo K., Foday M., Yillah M., Kanneh F., Robert W., Massally J.L., Chapman S.B., Bochicchio J., Murphy C., Nusbaum C., Young S., Birren B.W., Grant D.S., Scheiffelin J.S., Lander E.S., Happi C., Gevao S.M., Gnirke A., Rambaut A., Garry R.F., Khan S.H., Sabeti P.C. Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak. Science. 2014; 345(6202):1369-72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gire S.K., Goba A., Andersen K.G., Sealfon R.S., Park D.J., Kanneh L., Jalloh S., Momoh M., Fullah M., Dudas G., Wohl S., Moses L.M., Yozwiak N.L., Winnicki S., Matranga C.B., Malboeuf C.M., Qu J., Gladden A.D., Schaffner S.F., Yang X., Jiang P.P., Nekoui M., Colubri A., Coomber M.R., Fonnie M., Moigboi A., Gbakie M., Kamara F.K., Tucker V., Konuwa E., Saffa S., Sellu J., Jalloh A.A., Kovoma A., Koninga J., Mustapha I., Kargbo K., Foday M., Yillah M., Kanneh F., Robert W., Massally J.L., Chapman S.B., Bochicchio J., Murphy C., Nusbaum C., Young S., Birren B.W., Grant D.S., Scheiffelin J.S., Lander E.S., Happi C., Gevao S.M., Gnirke A., Rambaut A., Garry R.F., Khan S.H., Sabeti P.C. Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak. Science. 2014; 345(6202):1369–72.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leroy E.M., Epelboin A., Mondonge V., Pourrut X., Gonzalez J.P., Muyembe-Tamfum J.J., Formenty P. Human Ebola outbreak resulting from direct exposure to fruit bats in Luebo, Democratic Republic of Congo, 2007. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2009; 9(6):723-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leroy E.M., Epelboin A., Mondonge V., Pourrut X., Gonzalez J.P., Muyembe-Tamfum J.J., Formenty P. Human Ebola outbreak resulting from direct exposure to fruit bats in Luebo, Democratic Republic of Congo, 2007. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2009; 9(6):723–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Linard C., Gilbert M., Snow R.W., Noor A.M., Tatem A.J. Population distribution, settlement patterns and accessibility across Africa in 2010. PLoS ONE 2012; 7(2):e31743. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0031743.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Linard C., Gilbert M., Snow R.W., Noor A.M., Tatem A.J. Population distribution, settlement patterns and accessibility across Africa in 2010. PLoS ONE 2012; 7(2):e31743. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0031743.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MacNeil A., Farnon E.C., Morgan O.W., Gould P., Boehmer T.K., Blaney D.D., Wiersma P., Tappero J.W., Nichol S.T., Ksiazek T.G., Rollin P.E. Filovirus outbreak detection and surveillance: lessons from Bundibugyo. J. Infect. Dis. 2011; 204(3):761-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MacNeil A., Farnon E.C., Morgan O.W., Gould P., Boehmer T.K., Blaney D.D., Wiersma P., Tappero J.W., Nichol S.T., Ksiazek T.G., Rollin P.E. Filovirus outbreak detection and surveillance: lessons from Bundibugyo. J. Infect. Dis. 2011; 204(3):761–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maganga G.D., Kapetshi J., Berthet N., Ilunga B.K., Kabange F., Kingebeni P.M., Mondonge V., Muyembe J.T., Bertherat E., Briand S., Cabore J., Epelboin A., Formenty P., Kobinger G., González-Angulo L., Labouba I., Manuguerra J., Okwo-Bele J., Dye C., Leroy E.M. Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of Congo. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371(22): 2083-91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maganga G.D., Kapetshi J., Berthet N., Ilunga B.K., Kabange F., Kingebeni P.M., Mondonge V., Muyembe J.T., Bertherat E., Briand S., Cabore J., Epelboin A., Formenty P., Kobinger G., González-Angulo L., Labouba I., Manuguerra J., Okwo-Bele J., Dye C., Leroy E.M. Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of Congo. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371(22): 2083–91.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Olival K.J., Hayman D.T. Filoviruses in bats: current knowledge and future directions. Viruses. 2014; 6:1759-88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olival K.J., Hayman D.T. Filoviruses in bats: current knowledge and future directions. Viruses. 2014; 6:1759–88.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pigott D.M., Golding N., Mylne A., Huang Z., Henry A.J., Weiss D.J., Brady O.J., Kraemer M., Smith D.L., Moyes C.L., Bhatt S., Gething P.W., Horby P.W., Bogoch I.I., Brownstein J.S., Mekaru S.R., Tatem A.J., Khan K., Hay S.I. Mapping the zoonotic niche of Ebola virus disease in Africa. Elife. 2014 Sep 8; 3:e04395. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.04395.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pigott D.M., Golding N., Mylne A., Huang Z., Henry A.J., Weiss D.J., Brady O.J., Kraemer M., Smith D.L., Moyes C.L., Bhatt S., Gething P.W., Horby P.W., Bogoch I.I., Brownstein J.S., Mekaru S.R., Tatem A.J., Khan K., Hay S.I. Mapping the zoonotic niche of Ebola virus disease in Africa. Elife. 2014 Sep 8; 3:e04395. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.04395.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pinzon J.E., Wilson J.M., Tucker C.J., Arthur R., Jahrling P.B., Formenty P. Trigger events: enviroclimatic coupling of Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2004; 71(5):664-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pinzon J.E., Wilson J.M., Tucker C.J., Arthur R., Jahrling P.B., Formenty P. Trigger events: enviroclimatic coupling of Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2004; 71(5):664–74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tucker C.J., Wilson J.M., Mahoney R., Anyamba A., Llnthicum K., Myers M.F. Climatic and ecological context of the 1994-1996 Ebola outbreaks. Photogrammetric Eng. Remote Sens. 2002; 68(2):147-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tucker C.J., Wilson J.M., Mahoney R., Anyamba A., Llnthicum K., Myers M.F. Climatic and ecological context of the 1994–1996 Ebola outbreaks. Photogrammetric Eng. Remote Sens. 2002; 68(2):147–52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walsh P.D., Abernethy K.A., Bermejo M., Beyers R., Wachter P.D., Akou M.E., Huijbregts B., Mambounga D.I., Toham A.K., Kilbourn A.M., Lahm S.A., Latour S., Maisels F., Mbina C., Mihindou Y., Obiang S.N., Effa E.N., Starkey M.P., Telfer P., Thibault M., Tutin C., Whitek L., Wilkiek D.S. Catastrophic ape decline in western equatorial Africa. Nature. 2003; 422:611-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walsh P.D., Abernethy K.A., Bermejo M., Beyers R., Wachter P.D., Akou M.E., Huijbregts B., Mambounga D.I., Toham A.K., Kilbourn A.M., Lahm S.A., Latour S., Maisels F., Mbina C., Mihindou Y., Obiang S.N., Effa E.N., Starkey M.P., Telfer P., Thibault M., Tutin C., Whitek L., Wilkiek D.S. Catastrophic ape decline in western equatorial Africa. Nature. 2003; 422:611–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weingartl H.M., Nfon C., Kobinger G. Review of Ebola virus infections in domestic animals. Dev. Biol. (Basel). 2013; 135:211-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weingartl H.M., Nfon C., Kobinger G. Review of Ebola virus infections in domestic animals. Dev. Biol. (Basel). 2013; 135:211–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO Ebola Response Team. Ebola virus disease in West Africa - the first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371(16):1481-95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO Ebola Response Team. Ebola virus disease in West Africa – the first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 371(16):1481–95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
