microbeПроблемы особо опасных инфекцийProblems of Particularly Dangerous Infections0370-10692658-719XRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”10.21055/0370-1069-2017-3-33-40microbe-408Research ArticleЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯEPIDEMIOLOGYСОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ МЕХАНИЗМАХ ПАТОГЕНЕЗА ЧУМЫMODERN VIEWS ON MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF PLAGUE PATHOGENESISПодладчиковаО. Н.PodladchikovaO. N.

344002, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. М.Горького, 117/40

Rostov-on-Don

plague@aaanet.ruФКУЗ «Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский противочумный институт»РоссияRostov-on-Don Research Anti-Plague InstituteRussian Federation201720092017033340Copyright © Подладчикова О.Н., 20172017Подладчикова О.Н.Podladchikova O.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/408

В обзоре проведен краткий анализ опубликованных за последние десять лет результатов исследований, посвященных изучению молекулярных механизмов действия известных на сегодняшний день факторов вирулентности возбудителя чумы Yersinia pestis. Проанализированы разные компоненты Y. pestis, синтезирующиеся бактериями на четырех этапах инфекционного процесса при бубонной форме чумы: в коже, лимфоузлах, паренхиматозных органах и крови. Описаны факторы и механизмы, которые лежат в основе защиты микробов от бактерицидного действия гуморальных и клеточных факторов врожденного иммунитета хозяина, которые по-разному воздействуют на организм животных, стимулируя проили противовоспалительную реакцию хозяина на инфекцию, и способствуют смене жизненного цикла бактерий внутри хозяина, обеспечивая переход от внутриклеточного размножения в фагоцитах на первых этапах инфекции к внеклеточному размножению в лимфоузле, селезенке, печени и крови на последующих. В обзоре рассматриваются только те факторы Y. pestis, взаимодействие которых с молекулами и клетками хозяина на разных этапах инфекционного процесса экспериментально доказано.

The review presents brief analysis of the published over the past decade results of investigations devoted to studies of currently known molecular action mechanisms of Yersinia pestis virulence factors. Analyzed are different Y. pestis components, synthesized by the bacteria at four stages of infectious process in case of bubonic plague: in derma, lymph nodes, parenchymal organs, and blood. Described are the factors and mechanisms that induce microbe protection from bactericidal action of humoral and cell factors of innate host immunity, which effect the organism of animals in different ways, stimulating pro- or anti-inflammatory reaction of a host to the infection, and contribute to the shift of bacterial life cycle inside the host, providing for the transfer from intracellular propagation in phagocytes at early stages to extracellular propagation in lymph node, spleen, liver and blood at later stages. Discussed are only those factors of Y. pestis the interaction of which with host molecules and cells at different stages of infectious process in case of bubonic plague is experimentally proved.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.