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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microbe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы особо опасных инфекций</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-1069</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-719X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21055/0370-1069-2017-4-5-14</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microbe-430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вспышка легочной чумы на о. Мадагаскар в 2017 г.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outbreak of Pneumonic Plague in 2017 on Madagascar</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 127994, Москва, Вадковский переулок, дом 18, строение 5 и 7.</p><p>Российская Федерация,125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>18, Bld. 5 and 7, Vadkovsky Pereulok, Moscow, 127994, Russian Federation.</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутырев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutyrev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusrapi@microbe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербакова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ежлова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ezhlova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 127994, Москва, Вадковский переулок, дом 18, строение 5 и 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>18, Bld. 5 and 7, Vadkovsky Pereulok, Moscow, 127994, Russian Federation.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демина</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demina</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 127994, Москва, Вадковский переулок, дом 18, строение 5 и 7.</p><p>Российская Федерация,125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>18, Bld. 5 and 7, Vadkovsky Pereulok, Moscow, 127994, Russian Federation.</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пакскина</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakskina</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 127994, Москва, Вадковский переулок, дом 18, строение 5 и 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>18, Bld. 5 and 7, Vadkovsky Pereulok, Moscow, 127994, Russian Federation.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топорков</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toporkov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сизова</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sizova</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Республика Мадагаскар, Антананариву</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antananarivo, Republic of Madagascar.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерошенко</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eroshenko</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бугоркова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bugorkova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щуковская</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchukovskaya</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карнаухов</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karnaukhov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поршаков</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porshakov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Удовиченко</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Udovichenko</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Российская Федерация, 410005, Саратов, ул. Университетская, 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>46, Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumers Rights Protection and Human Welfare;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ «Российский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research AntiPlague Institute “Microbe”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumers Rights Protection and Human Welfare</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, Москва;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumers Rights Protection and Human Welfare</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Посольство Российской Федерации в Республике Мадагаскар</institution><country>Мадагаскар</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Madagascar</institution><country>Madagascar</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова А.Ю., Кутырев В.В., Щербакова С.А., Ежлова Е.Б., Демина Ю.В., Пакскина Н.Д., Топорков В.П., Попов Н.В., Сизова Я.В., Ерошенко Г.А., Бугоркова С.А., Щуковская Т.Н., Карнаухов И.Г., Осина Н.А., Поршаков А.М., Шарова И.Н., Удовиченко С.К., Иванова А.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова А.Ю., Кутырев В.В., Щербакова С.А., Ежлова Е.Б., Демина Ю.В., Пакскина Н.Д., Топорков В.П., Попов Н.В., Сизова Я.В., Ерошенко Г.А., Бугоркова С.А., Щуковская Т.Н., Карнаухов И.Г., Осина Н.А., Поршаков А.М., Шарова И.Н., Удовиченко С.К., Иванова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova A.Y., Kutyrev V.V., Shcherbakova S.A., Ezhlova E.B., Demina Y.V., Pakskina N.D., Toporkov V.P., Popov N.V., Sizova Y.V., Eroshenko G.A., Bugorkova S.A., Shchukovskaya T.N., Karnaukhov I.G., Osina N.A., Porshakov A.M., Sharova I.N., Udovichenko S.K., Ivanova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/430">https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/430</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проанализированы причины возникновения и развития вспышки легочной формы чумы на о. Мадагаскар в 2017 г. Обобщены данные литературы, характеризующие пространственную и биоценотическую структуру природного очага чумы на о. Мадагаскар, проанализированы факторы риска заражения чумой сельского и городского населения, а также свойства штаммов Yersinia pestis, выделенных на о. Мадагаскар в XX столетии.Отмечено, что характерный тип вспышек чумы на Мадагаскаре – сельский. Показано, что одной из основных причин широкого распространения чумы в 2017 г. является занос инфекции из центральных районов Республики Мадагаскар в крупные города с последующим формированием множественных эпидемических очагов. На острове подтверждена циркуляция штаммов Y. pestis, представляющих собой третью ветвь иррадиации ее восточного биовара (1.ORI3). Рассмотрены вопросы диагностики и лечения чумы в эпидемических очагах на территории Республики Мадагаскар. Обосновано, что вспышка чумы на Мадагаскаре в 2017 г. является следствием низкого уровня эпидемиологического надзора, в первую очередь недооценки возможностей специфической и неспецифической профилактики этой инфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The causes of emergence and development of pneumonic plague outbreak in 2017 on Madagascar were analyzed. Summarized were the literature data, characterizing the spatial and biocoenotic structure of natural plague focus on Madagascar, assessed were the risk factors of plague infection among rural and urban population of the island, as well as the properties of Yersinia pestis strains isolated there in the XX century. It is substantiated that the distinctive type of plague outbreaks on Madagascar is a rural one. It is demonstrated that one of the main causes of wide spread of plague in 2017 is importation of the infection from central regions of the Republic of Madagascar into big cities with further formation of multiple epidemic foci. Confirmed was the circulation of Y. pestis strains that belong to the third branch of irradiation of oriental biovar (1.ORI3). Discussed are the issues of diagnostics and treatment of plague in epidemic foci in the territory of the Republic of Madagascar. The evidence is provided to the fact that the plague outbreak in 2017 on Madagascar is the consequence of a lower surveillance level, first and foremost undervaluation of specific and non-specific prophylaxis capacities regarding this infection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вспышка легочной чумы</kwd><kwd>возбудитель чумы</kwd><kwd>о. Мадагаскар</kwd><kwd>штаммы</kwd><kwd>противоэпидемические мероприятия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pneumonic plague outbreak</kwd><kwd>plague agent</kwd><kwd>Madagascar</kwd><kwd>strains</kwd><kwd>anti-epidemic measures</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арутюнов Ю.И., Москвитина Э.А., Ломов Ю.М., Мишанькин Б.Л., Волохонская Н.Л. Некоторые особенности эпидемических проявлений чумы на Мадагаскаре. 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