Antrax in Primorsky Territory (1919–2020). Communication 2. Episootiological- Epidemiological Situation and Zoning of Administrative Territories

The aim of the study was to analyze the epizootiological and epidemiological situation in the Primorsky Territory (1919–2020) and to zone the administrative districts in regard to anthrax. Materials and methods. Accounting and reporting documents, information and archival materials were collected and analyzed, statistical reference books and literature sources were used. A comprehensive epizootiological and epidemiological survey of 12 supposed places of anthrax burials and cattle burial grounds was carried out, and their biological hazard assessed. Results and discussion. Within the framework of updating the Cadastre of stationary potentially hazardous as regards anthrax areas in the Russian Federation (2005), the number of infected farm animals and human cases was specified: according to official data, over the period of 1930–1979, the disease in 173 animals and 34 people with five deaths was registered in 82 stationary unfavorable for anthrax areas of 22 municipalities of the region. Together with the veterinary service of the region, an audit of 12 supposed places of anthrax burials in seven districts of the region was conducted. Based on the results of a comprehensive epizootiological and epidemiological survey, high biological hazard was established for 2 and potential one – for 1 anthrax burials. The culture of Bacillus anthracis isolated on the territory of Primorsky Territory belongs to one of the canonical SNP clusters – A.Br.008/009 of the global genetic line A (subgroup A1). Five criteria for assessing the epizootiological and epidemiological disadvantage for anthrax and the ranking of indicators of the administrative territories in the region have been determined. Zoning of the administrative territories of the region according to risk of anthrax has been carried out. Prophylactic anti-epizootic and anti-epidemic measures have been put forward.

1. Cherkassky B.L., editor. [Cadastre of Stationary Potentially Hazardous as Regards Anthrax Areas in the Russian Federation]. Mosсow: LLC “Intersen”; 2005. 829 p.

2. Ryazanova A.G., Skudareva O.N., Gerasimenko D.K., Chmerenko D.K., Semenova O.V., Aksenova L.Yu., Eremenko E.I., Buravtseva N.P., Golovinskaya T.M., Pechkovsky G.A., Kulichenko A.N. [Review of the epizootiological and epidemiological situation on anthrax around the world in 2020 and the forecast for 2021 in the Russian Federation]. Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii [Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections]. 2021; (1):81–6. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2021-1-81-86.

3. Popova A.Yu., Kulichenko A.N., editors. [The Experience in Eradication of the Anthrax Outbreak in Yamal in 2016]. Izhevsk: LLC “Print-2”; 2017. 313 p.

4. Selyaninov Yu.O., Egorov I.Yu., Kolbasov D.V., Listishenko A.A. [Anthrax in Yamal. Causes of occurrence and problems of diagnosis]. Veterinariya [Veterinary medicine]. 2016; 10:3–7.

5. [Cadastre of Cattle Burial Grounds (Including Anthrax Burials) Located on the Territory of the Russian Federation (Central and Far Eastern Federal Districts): Inform. Ed.]. Part 2. Moscow: “Rosinformagrotech”; 2012. 260 p.

6. [Cadastre of Cattle Burial Grounds (Including Anthrax Burials) Located on the Territory of the Russian Federation (Siberian Federal District): Inform. Ed.]. Part 4. Moscow: “Rosinformagrotech”; 2012. 176 p.

7. Kulichenko A.N., Buravtseva N.P., Ryazanova A.G., Eremenko E.I. [Anthrax in the North Caucasus]. Maykop: LLC “Quality”; 2016. 197 p.

8. Popova A.Yu., Ezhlova E.B., Demina Yu.V., Kulichenko A.N., Ryazanova A.G., Buravtseva N.P., Eremenko E.I., Dyatlov I.А., Maleev V.V., Simonova E.G., Каrtavaya S.A., Karnaukhov I.G., Toporkov V.P. [Ways to improve the epidemiological surveillance and control of anthrax in the Russian Federation]. Problemy Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii [Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections]. 2017; (1):84–8. DOI:10.21055/0370-1069-2017-1-84-88.

9. Dugarzhapova Z.F., Chesnokova M.V., Ivanova T.А., Kosilko S.A., Balakhonov S.V. [Improvement of methodical approaches to investigation of anthrax burials and animal burial sites]. Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii [Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections]. 2019; (4):41–7. DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2019-4-41-47.

10. Cherkassky B.L. Epidemiology and Prevention of Anthrax. Moscow: LLC “INTERSEN”; 2002. 384 p.

11. Gorkovenko L.E., Turkutyukov V.B., Olenov A.V., Borzov V.P. [Anthrax in the Primorsky Territory (1904–1980)]. Tikhookeansky Meditsinsky Zhurnal [Pacific Medical Journal]. 2003; 2(12):54–5.