Structural and functional SAET variation while rendering assistance to the territorial health organizations (health care authorities and agencies authorized to execute state sanitary and epidemiologic surveillance) has been evaluated on the basis of the purposeful analysis of SAET work experience. Distinguished have been three types of situations that define priority need in SAETs and tactics of their employment for liquidation of emergencies in the sphere of population sanitary and epidemiological welfare at the national and international levels.

Plague epidemiological situation in India in XX and at the beginning of XXI century is evaluated. The epidemic process is shown to have wavy interrupted course and is divided into periods of annual intensive epidemics, reduction of epidemic activity and sudden development of acute outbreaks on the background of sporadic morbidity absence. Brief characterization of a pulmonary plague epidemic in India in 1994 and undertaken international sanitary and protective measures by the example of Russian Federation and USA is presented. Local outbreaks of pulmonary and bubonic plague in 2002-2004 give evidence of periodically complicated epidemic situation in India. Trend and volume of measures on sanitary protection of territories are substantiated by development of commercial, economical, tourist communications between India and Russia including Regions of Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts differing by the degree of plague importation risk.

Performed was analysis of long-term dynamics of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) morbidity, the taiga ticks abundance, number of bites to which urban residents had been subjected, imago virus carriage. All these indices were shown to change in a cyclic manner. Worsening of TBE epidemiological situation was prognosticated in Siberia for the period of 2009-2010. Plans of preventive measures, optimally combining both specific and non-specific ones, should be elaborated for the areas with the highest risk of TBE infection for humans, taking into consideration increased epidemiological danger of the region, presence of mixed infections in ticks, social structure of the population.

The retrospective epidemiologic analysis of HFRS morbidity carried out from 2001 to 2007 showed that the highest sickness rate was registered in Privolzhsky federal district with 20.4±2.3 average index that exceeded the similar one countrywide 4-fold and the incidence specific weight was 88.0 % of the total number of cases. The indexes of HFRS incidence in the rest 6 dis­tricts were lower than the Russia wide one 3-4-fold and more. During the analyzed period the tendency to increase the HFRS incidence level was observed in Privolzhsky, Ural and Far East districts and in the country.

Investigated were antigenic properties of proteins produced by B. anthracis strains STI (рХО1⁺, рХО2^-), Davies (рХО1^-, рХО2⁺), 81/1TR (рХО1^-, рХО2^-), eluated in void volume (fraction 1) at division of cultural filtrates (CF) on superfine sefacryle S-300. Sera to fractions 1 of B. anthracis STI, 81/1TR and Davies CF were shown to contain antibodies to different antigens. The proteins identified with the help of sera were referred to antigens of В. anthracis S-layer relaying on м.м. 94 kDa, characteristic for S-layer proteins, localization on superficial cell structure, and independence of their production from virulence plasmids.

Temperate tularemia bacteriophage was for the first time isolated from the organs of guinea-pig infected with live tularemia vaccine strain N 15 of RIEH line. Negative colonies of bacteriophage were up to 0.2 mm in diameter with incomplete lysis zone at the periphery. In view of the results of electronic microscopy bacteriophage represented filamentous carpuscules. Bacteriophage lyzed bacteria of three subtypes of tularemia etiological agent and bacteria of the main species of legionellosis etiological agents. The simple use of bacteriophage allows to recommend new tularemia bacteriophage GAL for practical application.

The way of production of low-molecular weight enzyme complex of cholera vibrio (proteovibrin) with high proteolytic activity is described. Its prevailing accumulation in ultrafiltrate of cultural liquid of M41 production strain is shown. Proteovibrin protease doesn't yield to commercial trypsin in proteolytic activity as regards some protein substrates and can be used for enzymolysate preparation.

Carried out was structural and functional analysis of nap genes coding for a significant diagnostic feature - nitrate reduction in main and non-main subspecies of Yersinia pestis. The presence of a single nucleotide substitution (A for T in position 631) in gene napA was determined to be the reason for the lack of nitrate reduction in part of the main subspecies strains. Other mutation - single nucleotide substitution G for A in position 1021 of napA is not the reason for absence of this diagnostic feature in non-main subspecies and biovar microtus as this substitution is present in denitrifying and non­denitrifying strains.

Modern data on the Y. pestis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure and mechanisms of LPS reception by the host cells are reviewed. LPS is considered as a toxic pathogenicity factor produced by the plague microbe. Mechanisms of structural, metabolic and functional imbalance induced by the Y. pestis LPS at the initial stage of plague infection and intoxication are discussed. Clinical manifestations of cytopathogenic effects of LPS are cytokine-mediated and increase as hypoxic syndrome and free radical-induced destabilization of biological membranes develop.

Data on adaptive-compensatory process formation in detoxication and adaptation functional systems of test animals during the plague infection modeling were obtained by means of morphometric analysis. The latter included characterization of apudocytes condition in the number of organs. Changes of apudocytes activity and quantity in immunocompetent organs and pulmonary tissue of biomodels were determined. Morphometric indices selected for registration were shown to allow characterizing the severity of experimental infectious process.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) were produced against two B. pseudomallei high-purified membrane proteins with Mr 29 kDa (p29) and 45 kDa (p45). Monoclonal antibodies from culture supernatant fluids of 4F2 and 1G11 clones showed specific interaction with protein moiety of p29 both Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei in ELISA and Western blotting. However, MAb of 3G4 clone were bound to the LPS-protein structures of these microbial cells. Analysis of interaction of Mabs from 4F2 and 1G11 clones with antigens of different lysates of pathogenic cells confirmed high specificity of these antibodies to p29 membrane protein of B. pseudomallei and B. mallei.