Implementation of IHR (2005) in the territory of Russian Federation is beyond the scope of formal admission and technical execution. Fundamentally amended and principally new conceptual essentials of the present international document in relation to previously valid IHR (1969) are to be implemented. In view of above-mentioned, the realization of IHR (2005) is of experimental (research) character to a certain extent. In connection with this, the procedure of functioning of IHR (2005) demands the monitoring and permanent evaluation by the WHO (in the reports of Director-General) with regards to correspondence of the document to the modern epidemiological, social and economic, and geopolitical realities.
The IHR (2005) realization in the territory of the Russian Federation demands the development of a certain methodology and special algorithm of activity which include the differentiation of a range of components of conceptual originality of this document, their integration into the content, principles of sanitary protection, improvement of its 3-levels system on the basis of structural and functional strengthening of the network for monitoring of infectious and parasitic diseases agents, training of specialists on IHR (2005) and sanitary protection of the Russian Federation territory.

The review presents literary data as regards the role of extracellular exopolysaccharide in formation of morphologically altered rugose variants of cholera vibrio. These variants differ by greater resistance to unfavorable factors of the environment as well as genetic control of synthesis of rugose exopolisaccharide. Besides, presented are authors` experimental data on detection of the clones with altered colony morphology (opaque) in the population of Vibrio cholerae of classical biovar. They appeared as a result of production of extracellular exopolysaccharide and coordinated alteration of synthesis of some vital pathogenicity factors (cholera toxin, soluble hemagglutinin/protease, motility). The data received suggest that revealed is new mechanism of classical cholera vibrios adaptation at a change of environmental conditions.

With the development of various branches of medicine and biology the classical ideas about means to prevent infectious diseases have changed. Nowadays in different countries of the world, investigations are carried out intensively in the sphere of genetic vaccines. Distinctive feature of DNA-vaccination is long lasted expression in eukaryotic cell cytoplasm of nucleic acids encoding synthesis of immunogenic proteins. Genetic vaccines induce both humoral and cellular responses accompanied by production of large pool of immunological memory cells. A number of questions regarding features of gene-engineered construction and transfer of DNA-vaccines into the cells of macroorganism, structure of DNA-vaccines and mechanisms of immune response generation are considered in the review. Attention is paid on the safety of gene vaccination and ways to improve its efficiency.

The process of campylobacteriosis agent distribution among agricultural poultries was shown to depend upon a number of factors including conditions of maintenance and importation of the agent (with feed and etc.). Unsatisfactory sanitary conditions of poultry farms and high level of infection among hens lead to intensive contamination of different environmental objects with campylobacters. Therefore, the first priority is to select those objects which can really be exposed to contamination with campylobacters and provide circulation of infection among people, animals and poultry due to their functional characteristics.

Spatial analysis of long-term combined epidemic manifestations of some natural focal infectious diseases in the territory of the Astrakhan region was carried out using geographical information system. Suggested is the method to detect territories where these combined epidemic manifestations are stable and its high effectiveness and predictive value are demonstrated. On the basis of received data suggested are the measures to increase the effectiveness of epidemiologic surveillance for natural focal infectious diseases.

Short systematic review on the modeling methods in medicine and epidemiology is presented. In particular, special native and foreign examples of application of mathematical modeling and prognosis of epidemic process are described.

Presented is the analysis of dynamics of brucellosis morbidity in people and animals. Evaluation of epizootiological and epidemiological situation on brucellosis in the Southern federal district of the Russian Federation for 2006-2009 is given. It is shown that unfavorable epidemic situation on brucellosis persists in the number of regions of the Southern federal district of RF that gives the basis to predict the preservation of morbidity at a high level.

Presented are the results of long-term investigations which enabled to identify the principal regularities of epidemiologic process of acute hepatitis B in modern social and economical conditions in the Saratov region. The reasons of significant morbidity decrease and the routes of infection transmission are shown. The region is differentiated as regards hepatitis B and the high priority measures on prevention of this disease are identified.

Protective antigen, isolated by gel chromatography with the help of sephacril S-300 from the cultural filtrate of B. anthracis strain STI, was used to detect antibodies. Sensitivity of IHA and ELISA with hyperimmune serum to PA corresponded to the titers 1:128000 - 1:256000. Specific activity of IHA with sera of 22 guinea-pigs survived after challenging with B. anthracis 81/1, was in titers 1:40 - 1:81920, that of the ELISA - 1:160 - 1:81920. In the sera of anthrax patients antibodies were detected in IHA in titers of 1:20 - 1:20480, in ELISA - 1:800 - 1:12800. The titers of antibodies in paired sera were demonstrated to increase depending on the period of the disease. Specificity of IHA was confirmed by IHIA with PA. Both methods are equally applicable for anthrax diagnosis, however IHA possesses some benefits, i.e. simplicity, rapid performance and registration of the results.

Purified preparations of B. anthracis S-layer proteins - Sap and EA1 were obtained. Developed was the scheme of laboratory animals` immunization, that enabled to receive rabbits' polyclonal antibodies against Sap and EA1 proteins in high titer. 12 strains of B. anthracis, 53 strains of closely-related bacilli and 4 strains of other heterogeneous bacteria were tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and DOT-immunoassay with the use of polyclonal anti-Sap and anti-EA1 antibodies. Analysis of specificity of the obtained antibodies revealed cross-reactions with B. cereus, B. subtilis, B. mycoides and B. megaterium. The specificity of polyclonal anti-EA1 and anti-Sap antibodies was 75 and 83 % respectively. Sensitivity of reaction was 10⁵ and10⁶ m.c. in applying polyclonal antibodies against B. anthracis S-layer proteins

Presented are the results of transparent dry nutrient medium (Ft agar) for Francisella tularensis cultivation and isolation testing in the model experiments and field trials. Ft-agar was shown to possess fine growth and selective properties. It could be used for work with the pure cultures of tularemia agent and with the field material. The medium is certified (the registered number of MM is 2007/00899).

Adhesion properties of vaccine Y. pestis EV NIIEG strain cells, cultivated in different conditions, were identified by photocolorimetric method. It was elucidated that the temperature of cultivation and the composition of nutrient media influence essentially the formation of surface structures of bacteria responsible for attachment to human red blood cells. The highest level of adhesion was demonstrated by the microbial cells cultivated at (28±1) °C on GRM-agar and Hottinger agar. Liophilisation of Y. pestis EV NIIEG cell as well as washing off extracellular metabolites did not affect the adhesion property of bacteria. The results received enabled to recommend the photocolorimetric method for study of adhesion activity of microbial cultures which were the basis of live vaccines.

Presented are the comparative data of actual and regulated indicators of the qualitative characteristics of the heterologous anti-rabies immunoglobulin produced by the RARI Microbe for the five years of serial preparation manufacturing. Modern high-technology methods to control the baromembrane processes used in immunoglobulin purification are highlighted.

The investigations carried out resulted in the improvement of technology of synthesis of the oligonucleotide primers, components of the PCR test systems produced in the RARI Microbe. The final product output was demonstrated to increase by 93 % when 25 % aquatic ammonium solution was used for ammonolysis, and by 16 % if solutions Cap A N1 and Cap B N 3 were used at the stage of capping. Application of the improved technology of oligonucleotide synthesis for gene diagnostic preparations production will permit to increase the amount of the output products and reduce expenses for high-priced reagents.

The analysis carried out demonstrates that China is inhabited not with Callopsylla caspia fragilis, but with 1 or 2 new (ssp. n.) subspecies of Cal. caspia. Cal. yui was proved to be the subspecies (stat. nov.) of Cal. caspia. In Tadjikistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan representatives of new (1 or 2) subspecies of Cal. caspia reside. Peculiarities of the females of different subspecies of Cal. caspia are presented.

Presented are the results of retrospective analysis of leptospirosis morbidity in the Rrepublic of Mordovia for 2002-2008. Main directions of the epidemiologic surveillance in natural foci of this infection were shown.

Described are the First Republican competitions of the teams of epidemiological reconnaissance carried out on the basis of Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Mordovia.